 The study examined the decomposition characteristics of different types of biomass using a TGAF-TIR system. The results indicated that the pyrolysis process of biomass can be divided into three stages, which are characterized by the weight loss of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. The activation energy required for the initiation of thermal decomposition of biomass samples was found to be between 53 and 94 kJ per mole. Additionally, the pyrolytic oil and char yields were determined to be between 18.9 and 32.4 percent and 26.6 and 31.2 percent, respectively, at 550 degrees Celsius. Furthermore, the presence of n-hexane-soluble fraction and inorganics had an effect on the bio-oil yield. This article was authored by Esenepaden-Varel and Ocher Mutlu.