 Anticancer drugs resistance is caused by multiple factors, including genetic differences between tumor cells and individual patients, changes in drug metabolism, apoptosis suppression, alterations in drug targets, and enhancement of DNA repair and gene amplification. These factors lead to treatment failure with commonly used chemotherapy agents and various types of cancers. To overcome these challenges, advancements in DNA microarray, proteomic technologies, and development of targeted therapies are providing new strategies for overcoming drug resistance. This article was authored by Bezad Mansouri, Ali Mohamedi, Sadaf Davudian, and others.