 This scoping review examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in Saudi Arabia. It found that physical activity decreased and sedentary behavior increased in conjunction with the movement restrictions imposed by the pandemic. Additionally, it identified sub-populations who did not return to their pre-pandemic levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior, suggesting that targeted interventions are needed to ensure these populations can safely resume normal activities. This article was authored by Kelly Evanson, Shema Ailofman, Christopher Seymour and others.