 Demand for agricultural products, willingness and ability to buy of agricultural products. It is the demand that helps us to understand the price behavior of the agricultural commodities. Whenever we make discussion about the prices of agricultural commodities in the determination of the prices of agricultural commodities demand its demand at retail level play an important role. When we say demand at retail level it is the demand for agricultural commodities by consumers in the market. What is willingness and ability to buy by a consumer of a particular agricultural product? When we make discussion about demand at the firm level then in fact there are two types of the demand it might be possible it is the demand by farmer about the inputs that are being used to make the production of agricultural commodities. When we say agricultural commodities here we may consider the wheat as an output that is being produced by farmer for the production of wheat farmer requires certain inputs these inputs are in the form of seed fertilizer and machinery. But whenever we make discussion about demand for demand for the output that is being produced at the firm level then we usually use the concept of derived demand. And in the determination of the demand at the retail level and at the firm level basic unit of demand theory is the individual consumer it is the consumer that creates demand for a particular commodity. And each consumer faces a problem of choice in fact there are number of commodities that are available for consumption to a particular consumer. But on the basis of his affordability and willingness to have a particular commodity consumer will choose a particular commodity. And in the consumer choice of goods and services the major constraint is the income every consumer has a limited income and he has to allocate his limited income in the purchase of that commodity where he is getting maximum satisfaction. For example if we can assume a consumer is willing to use fruits when we make discussion about fruits there are number of fruits that a consumer that are available in the market. But because of his limited income consumer can afford only few of them for example cave, apples, oranges, mangoes, banana are the fruits that are available in the market. But on the basis of his income constraint it might be possible a consumer can purchase only 1 kg of apples. But by selecting and purchasing 1 kg of apples consumer is getting maximum satisfaction. So, objective of the consumer is to allocate his limited income in such a way where he gets a maximum satisfaction. When we say consumer chooses the good, chooses that particular commodity where he is getting maximum satisfaction when we say consumer is choosing the best combination that is available for his consumption. So, whenever we say consumer choose the best combination that best combination basically is the combination where consumer is getting maximum utility. Utility is a measure of well-being that depends upon the consumption of goods and services. But the consumption of goods and services depends upon the availability of the resources to a particular consumer. To explain the utility, to explain the satisfaction of the consumer we can use some mathematical association among the combination, among different commodities that are being used by a particular consumer. The utility function is a mathematical form to denote the level of satisfaction of a particular consumer. There are different functions that can describe the utility of a particular consumer. For example if we assume a consumer is getting satisfaction by using fruits and vegetable then by using this particular mathematical form where u is equal to 4 f v we can report the satisfaction that a consumer is getting by the consumption of fruits and vegetable. But the ultimate objective of the consumer is to maximize his satisfaction under given budget constraint. And consumer always choose that particular commodity, that particular combination of goods that are available for consumption where he is getting maximum satisfaction. So, whatever is purchased by the consumer is in fact demand for that particular consumer and that demand for particular consumer is being used to maximize his satisfaction. If a consumer is using 4 kg of apples and 1 kg of oranges by using all of his resources that he can allocate on the purchase of fruits indicate that combination of fruit and vegetable where he is getting maximum satisfaction. Thank you very much.