 I still remember you gave a remarkable speech in Beijing in 1995, phenomenal speech, very powerful speech in Beijing, where you said women's rights are human rights and human rights are women's rights. And it was shocking at the time in a diplomatic way. And you've been working on women's rights issues for a long time. Obviously before that, can you say a little bit about what it felt like in that moment? Flash Floor, you created an ambassador at large for women's rights at the State Department. I've been very engaged around the world in advocacy. You have a new book, if I can lift it. The book of gutsy women, which is terrific, stories of courage and resilience, including a wonderful account of the late great Betty Ford that I would recommend to you. So you've been working on these issues for a very long time. How has it felt to struggle on it? What kind of progress do you feel like has been made? And obviously there's a long way to go. Could you say a little bit about the path forward? Sure, and next year 2020 is the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Women's Conference and that speech that I gave. It's also the 100th anniversary of American women winning the vote. So it's a particularly important year. When the Beijing Conference was announced, there was an American delegation. It was headed at that time by the then UN Ambassador later Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright. It had Democrats and Republicans. It had men and women. It had a real cross-section of Americans and I was invited to go and there was a very worried reaction in the Clinton administration, including in the State Department and in the Congress because they weren't sure that we wanted to draw as much attention as my going would to the Beijing Conference. Some members of Congress were upset because China had imprisoned human rights activists and they didn't want me going unless they were freed. And so it was not at all a given and I was very anxious to go and to be part of that historic moment and eventually we worked it out and so I did go and in the speech, I did take on China. I took on some of their practices like forced sterilization, the one child policy. I took on other problems that affected women and families but it was a turning point in a certain way because my speech and particularly that phrase about women's rights being human rights became a rallying cry. But in addition to the speech, there was something called the platform for action that was adopted. And it was adopted unanimously by the 180 or so countries that attended. And it did things that sound very simplistic now but back then was considered radical. It said that domestic violence was a crime, not a cultural behavior and that countries should legislate and prosecute domestic violence which was very controversial back then. So it had a lot of meat in it. And I do think we have certainly made progress. Laws have been changed, practices have been changed. A lot of places back in 95, women could not inherit property from their families, from their husband often time. If their husband died in parts of Africa or Asia, the brother of the husband would come and kick the widow and the children off the land and take that land over. So women had very few rights, rights to an education, rights to healthcare, rights to economic opportunity, rights to full participation. So back at the 20th anniversary of Beijing, back in 2015, I worked with the Clinton Foundation and the Gates Foundation to do a survey about the progress that had been made over the last 20 years and a number of people will do the same going into the 25th anniversary. So I think the sort of the short story is progress has been made, but not enough. It still is true that more girls are out of school than boys. Fewer girls than boys go on to secondary school. And we're talking about the world as a whole that more healthcare is denied girls than boys that economic opportunity is still very difficult. And so when I was Secretary of State, I wanted to do a lot of research into this because I wanted to see two things. One, could you correlate where women had more rights with greater economic opportunity and the growth of a middle class? And could you correlate greater opportunity for women with more stability, more peace, more opportunity? And in fact, you can. And there was a lot of research done by all kinds of institutions, including some of the private business forecasters, that if every country tore down every obstacle to women's participation in the economy, the gross domestic product of every country would go up, including ours. Because if you look at the participation rate of women in the economy, even in our country, it's held back by lack of childcare, lack of leave policies. In other countries, of course, it's much more onerous. So I made the argument in the State Department and in speeches around the world that giving and securing, supporting women's rights opportunities and participation is not just a nice thing to do because you wanna be nice to your daughters and your granddaughters. It is a really important way of increasing your economic activity and the stability of your country. So I think it's a mixed bag. And in our book, I wrote this book with my daughter, Chelsea, we highlight 103 women and it was really hard. We started with hundreds and had to keep narrowing it down. But we highlight women who persevered through obstacles and terrible difficulties to make a difference over at the Ford School. Their leadership definition is working to make a positive difference for others. Well, these women did that. And there's two women, I just wanna briefly mention, who kind of embody the progress, two women who became presidents of their countries, unlike some places we know. And so I'm particularly intrigued by them, but one who became the president of Chile, Michelle Bachelet, and one who became the president of Liberia, first woman elected president of any African country, Ellen Johnson-Serly, what did they have in common living so far from each other? They were both tortured, beaten, arrested, oppressed, exiled. It happened with Michelle because of Pinochet. Her father died in prison. She and her mother were grabbed up and put into prison and then exiled after being tortured. Ellen Johnson-Serly was in the middle of the vicious civil war in Liberia, arrested, beaten, exiled, and they both came back. They both came back to their countries. They both got involved in politics and they both ran for office. And both of them remembered what had happened to them. So they championed in their own ways very different political systems, very obviously different economic standing. They championed the rights of women. And Ellen Johnson-Serly, who saw the horrors of that civil war, the murders, the rapes, the amputations, everything that happened, in her inaugural address said that we want a peaceful nation. And part of having a peaceful nation is to let women live their lives in peace. So this was an amazing journey. And I wanted more Americans to know about all of the women, but particularly women who didn't just make it on their own but kept reaching back to make sure others could come along as well.