 Ladies and gentlemen, very much in honor to be here as a representative of a carbon-intensive economy. I'm going to talk about the climate change mitigation issues in China using model only a challenge and we also see it an opportunity in particular an urgency to take actions and of course we have all policies in position and as you can see you know China we have a lot of number one in the world of course in population number one and here in Asia is able to look at number one in the world since year 2007 China in number one and the trend is continue to increase for a while as you can see the United States being somewhat civilized in all the time and they've been reducing for the past few years because of the economy being somewhat affected by you know the financial crisis and also a shift of energy mix from more carbon-intensive core to less carbon-intensive unconventional gas and of course the other that you know India so the developing economies may need some time to pick while the developing economy is like the UK and the United States is somewhat in a stabilizer already and this is another indication why you know the developing economy is although the you know the rate of emissions being relatively high already in terms of carbon emissions China is something about 50% more than the world average is very much close to the EU level already so in this case if we look at the income level is still very far behind as compared to the developed nations so this is a good indication to show the relationship between per capita emission of greenhouse gases and per capita income you know among the major economies in the basic member states and the EU member states if we look at the industrialization process China is still at the least stage of industrialization at national level only Beijing and Shanghai are in the post industrialization stage and the majority of the provinces are still at the late or even the early stage of industrialization this will take quite a while but if you look at the issue from a different perspective we can see from the tables here the manufacturer products many of them you know China has taken a big share of the world total look like that is steer and the China it's been something 40% of the total still production and if you look at the mobile production is something over 1.1 billion in year 2001 so we can easily see that you know the the Chinese the production has a rich level that physical expansion would not be that much any further and this is one you know in one indication we kind of gather and the other is that we if we look at from this number we can see you know a big proportion of these products is not consumed inside China but you know went to the outside of China for consumption outside of China and then we look at another you know challenge that's urbanization as you can see the line here the rural population has been declining all the time since the middle 1990s and the urban population been increasing all the time and by a year 2011 51.3% of population is in the urban sector already and if we would see that by 2030 if the urbanization rate is to reach 70% and then we would need another 20 percentage points of population in the urban sector that would have total something about 300 million the size of the United States so this is really a challenge and this is the only part of the story and the other part of story is that even you know we have the rate of urbanization at 51.3 but still we have some you know over 200 million people in the urban sector already but they are very much marginal they do not have any entitlement to urban services so-called rural migrants in urban areas so this give us the indication that urbanization is really a long process for China and in the urban areas when people have hair income and then they would like to have some sort of you know good better quality of living like you know ownership of automobile vehicles and the tragic gems in China is really an indication that the Chinese are following the American and the European way of living and of course we do have opportunities one of the opportunities that China has the growth of the economy has been relatively fast in the past decades and China is you know the second largest economy in the world in that sense that we would have some you know capabilities to do a little bit more but if you look from the other perspective in terms of capital terms and then China is only something you know rank around 100 you know in the world and another good piece of information is the demographic trend in China if you look you know from the the you know historical records of sciences sciences in China in the 1950s we had the first sciences and the latest one was conducted in 2010 there are quite a few you know very good trends one is you know growth rate of population in the 1980s per annum the rate of population growth was over 2 percent and by you know this century it's been you know below 0.5 already and last year 2011 the number is only 0.47 so this is a very good trend that you know the population in China it's been you know stabilizing and by 2030 or so Chinese population will start to decline so this is one and the other is that you know if you look at the family sites this might be somewhat you know not a good sign the family sites been reducing all the time in the 1980s per family sites we would have some you know four people and now it's only three people a nuclear family very much a typical so this would give us some indication that you know the energy consumption and the emission would you know be really a challenge to be reduced mitigation of climate change is not only a challenge but also an opportunity in particular we look we believe that there is a huge urgency to take actions one urgency is energy security um in year 1999 total energy consumption was only half of the United States and by year 2009 total energy consumption in China was more than the Americas and now is something new 15 percent more than the United States and we do not have the resource endowment is very much limited and we have to rely on huge input of of fossil fuels in particular oil and in 1993 China was a net exporter of raw oil and in year 2011 we imported 268 million tons of raw oil and this is really a challenge and we do envisage huge further increase of car ownership and the energy security really a challenge a challenge and then if we look at the other urgency for taking actions that's the climate security on on the 27th of july uh you know this year 2012 the a rainstorm in beijing killed 73 people and you can see you know flooding from the media I don't know if you pay attention to this you know natural disasters in China and the flooding and the drought you know this is a very much typical you know extreme climate events so climate security a priority for the Chinese to take actions because of these urgencies and we do believe that mitigation is not simply for climate protection but more for energy security for climate security and for sustainable development in China and that is why the Chinese has put forward so ambitious emission reduction targets and that's in in year 2009 the Chinese government announced the targets for 2020 that is 40 to 45 percent of carbon intensity reduction as compared to year 2005 and this is the highest you know in in the history of economic development nobody has seen such a high you know percentage reduction in terms of energy energy intensity and the carbon intensity and this target has been incorporated in the five year plans and if you look at the 12 seven year plan this has been you know disaggregated into provincial levels and the because you know China is diverse you know some parts are somewhat more more advanced than the others the inland parts somewhat less developed so you know the coast areas they are required to do a little more and the inland premises they are expected to do a little little bit less but these are somewhat mandatory they have to meet these targets otherwise you know the the head of the governor would be removed so this is very much powerful you know other administrative measures to implement such policies and then if you look at the measures and actions and energy efficiency in China with the small scale power generation units are simply you know fixed out and now all the power generation thermal power generation units they are super super critical most advanced in the world in terms of per unit kilometer hour of electricity generated the amount of coal used is the it's the least in in in the world and if you look at the automobile sector for the past 10 years the the standards have been created from euro one to euro four and euro five in the past decade only and in terms of renewable energy the progress has been also very impressive wind installed capacity installed capacity you know of wind turbine has been number one in in in the world and in terms of solar water haters if you go to china everywhere you can see you know on top of the roof solar haters this is sort of you know renewable energy and of course hydropower china is the biggest hydropower producer in in in the world and also very ambitious plans to keep hydropower in the next 10 or 20 years and the fourth station that's also everywhere in china and so this is you know the sector processing and also at a local government level we have a lot of initiatives as well if you look at the low carbon city initiative we do have you know targets very much clearly set for the individual military penalties and they have the measures identified for energy efficiency for renewable energy utilization and also for forest sinks as well and the chinese are very much aware that the emissions have been very high already and the the fact is that you know some of the cities in china the per capita emission in the urban area is higher than their international counterparts for instance in london and tokyo per capita emission something about five tons per capita and in china like you know tianjin is something you know 15 tons per capita already very much close to the us level so this is a huge challenge and that is why you know action has been taken at the city level and then you know we need to come to some of the conclusions the way forward we need to have a climate compatible development for climate security this is very much urgent the china has been prone to climate damages and and secondly we need to transform the energy system for secure energy supply and this has to be affordable sustainable and reliable and of course the consumption behavior has to be changed simply because you know there there's no possibility for the chinese to follow the american way of consumption even the european way of consumption so we are very much aware that you know this sorts of you know consumption behavior cannot sustain and the other is to to integrate environmental protection low carbon development and ecological restoration this has to be to reinforce one another instead of you know one target without consideration of the other and finally china is part of the world in a globalized world we have to work with the global community so that is why china is so positive in the international negotiations front and i do hope that's you know for climate change mitigation if we work together there must be a solution well thank you very much