 And this is a very special moment for Accra. The Accra State has always been in a hurry, because the population cannot wait for the ideal conditions of an international negotiation, of a national debate about the issue of the network. It's kind of this laboratory for innovative policy. As a poor state, we need to be more creative. The BR364 Highway cuts across the Brazilian state of Accra towards the border with Peru. Rainforest still dominates in this part of the Amazon. Accra still has 87% of its forest cover. But the paving of part of the road in 2010 means this area is now at risk of increased deforestation. So Accra's government has identified this strip of highway as one focal area for initiatives to slow deforestation. The government would not like to make other places that we have found in the form of deforestation to be repeated, such as the expansion of the paving in a disordered way, the expansion of the fires, the problems we have found to make the producers generate income and at the same time guarantee survival, food sovereignty. Smallholder farmers like Sebastião Lima da Silva receive assistance from the state to adopt more sustainable practices. They were encouraged to develop fish and chicken farming, given assaí seedlings to enrich their forests with the popular fruit and taught agricultural techniques that reduce the need for fire. If the teacher had never been here, what would you be doing? I was on the same lawn. On the same lawn. We were burning the grass. Because we didn't have any other alternative to live. We had to make the same for the consumption. We had to be on the lawn, on the lawn, on the lawn, on the rice. If we didn't burn it, we wouldn't have had a living. Even paying for a lot of money, but we didn't have any other option. We didn't have anything to eat. Everything is getting better. What's happening along the BR-364 highway is just a small part of a much broader and bolder scheme. Arcade's statewide system of incentives for environmental services, or CISA, which was passed into state law in 2010. Arcade has a really special history that I think when you look at the innovation of the state system for incentives for environmental services, it really is the culmination of nearly 15 years of policies that were focused on forest-based rural development. We are trying to move to another model of development based in forests. The CISA scheme aims to reduce deforestation while improving local people's livelihoods. And in exchange, Arcade State hopes to receive funding from governments or private investors who would purchase the carbon credits generated in Arcade's forests. Like other tropical forests, the Amazon is of huge global importance, especially when it comes to climate change. Converting forests to pasture or degrading them through fire or logging releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and hastens global warming. To help address this, a United Nations-backed scheme called Red Plus has been proposed, which would see tropical countries compensated for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Despite high hopes for Red Plus, international negotiations are moving slowly, but Arcade has pushed ahead on its own. We cannot wait for everything is in agreement and we cannot wait for everything is regulated at the international level to have our own initiative because the world needs action today, not in the future. But also, we don't call the carbon program as a red program of Arcade because we're trying to avoid the traditional concept of red, trying to put other benefits together in the process of emission reductions. It's also an important reframing of red because it is more palatable to people who are actually on the ground and people who need and want development. It's just development in a different way. Arcade's Attorney General, Rodrigo Neves, was involved in establishing the legal framework for CISA. So today, even without a national system, a national system of red, we were able to develop a consistent system that we understand brings credibility because it has permanent institutions. This obviously creates a low incentive for the union itself to move and in international negotiations we consider what we're doing here. And now we understand that the state is already matured to take the second step and really enter the regulated market and make the first public offers of credit. Arcade is currently in negotiations with another state, California, about supplying carbon offsets to its cap and trade system for carbon. My surprise was that at least there are in the world some countries that want to believe that something is possible and that wants to help initiatives like Arcade in order to continue moving forward in this initiative. Because if we don't have this kind of flux of money to enter in those initiatives, we can't finish with the motivation for the governments because we wait and wait for something that never comes. But De Los Rios believes the money will come and whatever happens in the national and international negotiations over Red Plus, she says Arcade has shown that subnational action is possible. I think what we really see here in this region is a lot of incentives for doing the right thing. Incentives for making your production systems more sustainable and that has a lot of power because people just can't be punished if they have no alternatives and here the government of Arcade has basically given people a host of alternatives. The environmental issue transcends the issue of laws and transcends even ourselves. So this has moved the state's spirit. Those who know Arcade know that it has different characteristics in relation to other regions of the Amazon because there is a story in which people come as a community because there is a historic fight for a long time, for the defense of the forest and this damages everyone who is here. So, as a lawyer, the chance to do something that transcends the work itself and its existence benefits not only the people who are here but also the humanity makes us try to do a lot more than what we normally do at work.