 I will put it back here. Hello. So one quick question for the next speakers. Can you please identify yourself towards us then? So, Karen, who's the next one? Sarah Chain. So if you're around then please come to Karen. So our next speaker here is Luca Bonisi and he will talk about one topic when I first saw what he was accomplishing there as one person. It was amazing. So, and the rest he will talk about, but yeah, it's amazing what one person was able to do there. Hello. Welcome to Fossmann and welcome to this talk. This talk is about the right to install any software on your device, on your own device. And consequently, what in my opinion is an unlawful behavior to install, to pre-install a software on a PC that you normally bought in your device. Specifically, this software, a proprietary software that are Windows and Office. I briefly introduced myself. Okay, the mage, sorry, because the mage are missing. Sorry. Display. Make a single display. Okay. I introduced myself. My name is Luca Bonisi. I came from Italy. I am, my main job is developing firmware of electronic devices. And I also support some school and small office with free software, especially one school that I defined a free software school where all teachers and students are using free software. I have some hobby that are always related to free software. Audio and video, I am, I am audio and video technicians where I use Ardolf, Jack, Jamil, Sinaldela, Cappadine live. I play guitar and piano. And I use Rose Garden as a midi player to record from piano. I like to observe celestial object like the ISS. This mage is the ISS photographed by me with a normal camera. And I built a 3D printer and I using them for, mainly for preparing or for fun. I make some free software project or activity. One is to make a job on the text of songs since I play piano and guitar and transpose it automatically. Another is I am the maintainer of the unofficial porting of Slackware Linux distribution for many platform and CPUs. A project that I just started is to free your Android TV box. I bought a cheap Android TV box and I installed a Linux to be used as a general purpose device. And I am a volunteer of FSV as a translator. For FSV, I built this project that was built in Perl, a language that may be not so used, but I love it. And I built this program to help a translator in FSV, to help translation in the FSV, the translation process. So the translator has not to care about the HTML formatting and so on. I contribute also to this fantastic book. I maintain the repository of this free software book. Free software means that this book is distributed with a free license. And it was translated in five languages actually. German, Ukrainian, Italian, Arabic and English. The Italian book is not yet published, but we wish it will be soon published. And if you like this book, you can attend the reading of the book this evening at 6 p.m. And Matias will be the reader, I think. Bons hobby, I make ice creams. Since the book talks also about ice cream, it is very related to my hobby. And if you are curious, you will go between this evening. In this presentation, you will find many illustrations, like the one on the right, that come from the book. So I sponsor a little bit the book. Okay, we start with the presentation. We have two different contracts. One is for the hardware and one is for the software. This contract cannot be joined together. You cannot force to join the two contracts and force to give back also the hardware, if you ask for the refund. Because the hardware contract is a service and purchase agreement. And you become the ownership of the product or your PC of the product. And nobody can force you to do what you don't want to do. Instead, the software is a license agreement. You have a right to use the software under some conditions that for proprietary software, like Windows and Office, are limitations. Instead, for free software, are freedoms. I talk about device neutrality because on the hardware and you have the right to choose to install what software you like. Also by installing free software on your device, you gain the sovereignty of your device. With proprietary software, you don't know what proprietary software make on your device. What proprietary software connect to some site that you don't know. Using a running free software can overcome software obsolescence. Because especially with the newer version of the proprietary software, you are forced to change your hardware because the newer version of proprietary software doesn't run on older hardware. Instead, free software you can customize like I do with the two boxes and run also on lower end devices. And in this way, you extend the hardware lifetime and also you reduce the electronic impact of the worst. There is also an open letter that the Free Software Foundation Europe asked to sign for the right to install any software on the device. The link is this one, maybe we will have a label later. And the Free Software Foundation Europe asked to the European Parliament and Commission and also to public administration to be able that every device should be independent from the software it runs because using open standards and open interfaces. This is related to our work because sometimes hardware manufacturers use proprietary interfaces that limit the possibility to use some features of your device. Okay, we come first of all technical others. Manufacturers say this is real what Microsoft says from a device I purchase, for the laptop surface I purchase. Microsoft says that the device would not work properly with other operating systems and they are not supported. This is said by Microsoft. And this is true because my laptop surface, the touch screen doesn't work, the webcam doesn't work. With new links, do it with a proprietary interface of this device. Also, installing the front-stretched new links is not straightforward because the keyboard and the touchpad doesn't work if you don't build the customizes kernel. So the drivers for keyboard and touchpad are not in the main line. But okay, you can compile and then it works. And the manufacturer could also lock the boot loader. For example, Microsoft with ARM devices and Windows 8 locked the secure boot in a way that you cannot install software different than Microsoft Windows. So the device is not really your because you can only run software certified by another party. We come to a legal level. Manufacturers often say that even if the license says that you must contact the manufacturers, the manufacturer says that you have to ask the refund to the vendor or to Microsoft. But this is not true because the license agreement says that you have to contact the manufacturer. Manufacturer says that you must also return the PC. So you should have all the refund of all PC, both PC and the software. My father said you can't have only the software refund. Manufacturer set a very little time span to ask for the refund, usually only 30 days. Manufacturer says that you must prove you refuse the license. But it is impossible to prove you refuse the license because when you start from the first time Windows, you have only one button accept. You cannot even power down the PC. Especially if it is a laptop, it could be a problem because the battery is integrated as usually integrated and you cannot power off the PC if you don't know that you have to press the power button for 30 seconds. Recently, a manufacturer switched their policy and said that you must return the PC to their laboratory because you must remove the product that is information about the Windows license stored in the BIOS. Manufacturers set a price by your own, not the market price of the Windows license. When you first run the PC to see the license agreement because to refuse the license agreement, you have to see the license agreement. With the latest Windows version, it is mandatory to connect your PC to the Internet before viewing the license agreement. I think this could be not compliant to the GDPR because your PC sends information to manufacturers and to Microsoft sites without your explicit agreement. There is no refuse button as already said and you cannot install a different license if you remove the Windows and you download the Microsoft Windows from a Microsoft website and you want to install a few licenses or also the gratis license because Windows is gratis. This is only a limitation that you cannot customize the toolbar. You cannot do it because when you install the version you download it from the Internet, it looks for the bullet key. So you are in your search circuits. Okay, very briefly cases of refund in Italy. There was a case in 2005 against HP. The case came to the Supreme Court of Italy and let's say the refund must be given. It's about nine years, it's last to hold the sequel. The second case is similar. It takes also nine years. It's very similar and this case is regarding this PC. I repressed the refund in 2018. Lenovo refused categorically the refund on the software. They asked that they say that I have to write a note on the PC. But I filed a court case by myself without a lawyer initially because from my side it was clear that Lenovo has won. But Lenovo introduced artificial complexity so that I cannot continue without a lawyer. So I asked for a lawyer. I won the first grade law suit. But Lenovo immediately filed the second grade appeal, the second grade law suit. And they lost the second grade. But the judge of Montserrat Court imposed to Lenovo a punitive damages of 20,000 euros because they use the legal instruments with bad fate without any valid reason. Okay, after these cases I requested also another wish refund. The case was simpler but not so easy. Asher, for example, asked to write on the PC to remove the product case. In this case, since I have some excessive front end of my I go to the bike to bring my PC to Asher. There are also other cases, one with Microsoft has already said. One with HP. I filed a court case against HP. They lost the court case. But this case, the judge does not recognize to me the legal fee. So the balance was the same. I lost what I gained from the refund. Other cases, okay. This is interesting in the last year with Asher because when I asked to Asher this time, I need the PC immediately so I cannot wait to send the PC to Asher and to give it back. And Asher said that it was Microsoft that asked to send the PC to the manufacturer to remove the product case. Then I filed a court case. But it was stopped by Asher before saying before reaching the first hearing. So they give me 129 euros. Latest case against Lenovo that was terminated three days ago. Lenovo says again that you must write on the PC to the manufacturer and they say that they are not satisfied by the license. The license, they propose, they are not satisfied by the license. They themselves propose. So it is not very coherent. Okay. Asking for the phone, I go very quickly. You have to power on the PC. You have to read the license, contact the manufacturer, send email and a certified email in Italy. And you have to be very patient because many mails you have to send before requesting the refund, before having the refund. But you will have the refund. Okay. One important thing is that manufacturers artificially increase the cost of the PC with the mandatory payment to Microsoft. I think that if you obtain the refund, you have to give part of the refund to some free software organization. I give all 20,000 euros to this association. And if you want to donate, you can go to the link down. And if you can support the Office of the Foundation for their valuable work. Thank you.