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 <author>
  <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
  <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
 </author>
 <published>2011-10-01T11:04:26+00:00</published>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:iA6wRgwl7k0</id>
  <yt:videoId>iA6wRgwl7k0</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Sound (and the Fourier Transform)</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iA6wRgwl7k0"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2024-08-10T08:51:14+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-08T16:56:10+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Sound (and the Fourier Transform)</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/iA6wRgwl7k0?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/iA6wRgwl7k0/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Some small experiments with sound, and learning how to break signals down into their component frequencies by implementing the Discrete Fourier Transform.

Links:
● Project files: https://github.com/SebLague/Fourier-Transform
● Support my work on:
-- Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
-- Ko-Fi: https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague
● Coding Adventures Playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?
list=PLFt_AvWsXl0ehjAfLFsp1PGaatzAwo0uK&amp;si=LQBQOcF_F0Cxnzj_
● Fluid Sim video: https://youtu.be/rSKMYc1CQHE?si=FtYVPLtOF85iOkMl
● @3blue1brown video: https://youtu.be/spUNpyF58BY?si=U5pu40UUNk-7mda0
● Music Credits: https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/FourierTransform

Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:48 Dot Wav
03:05 Waveform
04:24 Playing a Sound
05:03 Wave Simulation
10:31 Speed Change
12:38 Signal Generation
17:14 Fourier Vis (single frequency)
23:31 Fourier Vis (multiple frequencies)
28:01 First Attempt at DFT
31:39 The Nyquist Rate
35:14 Frequency Resolution
37:25 DFT Implementation
39:31 Testing the DFT Function
42:41 Outro</media:description>
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 <entry>
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  <yt:videoId>C1H4zIiCOaI</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Optimizing a Ray Tracer (by building a BVH)</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1H4zIiCOaI"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2024-06-12T14:05:29+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-08-25T16:21:00+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Optimizing a Ray Tracer (by building a BVH)</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/C1H4zIiCOaI?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/C1H4zIiCOaI/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Trying to speed up the ray tracer (from a previous coding adventure) so that we can render some more intricate scenes!

Links:
● Source: https://github.com/SebLague/Ray-Tracing
● Get early access to new videos and projects by supporting on:
 -- Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
 -- Ko-Fi: https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague
● Previous Ray Tracing episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qz0KTGYJtUk
● BVH Article: https://jacco.ompf2.com/2022/04/18/how-to-build-a-bvh-part-2-faster-rays/
● 3D Test Models: https://casual-effects.com/data/
● Music Credits: https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/BVH.txt

Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:30 Triangle-Test Debug View
03:34 Bounding Boxes Inside of Bounding Boxes
04:41 Building a BVH
07:41 Traversing the BVH
09:13 GPU-Friendly Data
15:32 Converting Recursion to Iteration
18:06 Box-Test Debug View
21:42 Increasing the Depth of the BVH
25:11 Distance Test and Child Ordering
31:47 The Surface Area Heuristic
37:19 Speeding up the Construction
38:57 32-Byte Nodes
42:20 Transformations
45:10 Supporting Multiple Models
48:45 Some Tests and Final Thoughts</media:description>
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 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:SO83KQuuZvg</id>
  <yt:videoId>SO83KQuuZvg</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Rendering Text</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SO83KQuuZvg"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2024-04-13T09:44:13+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-10-08T05:39:38+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Rendering Text</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/SO83KQuuZvg?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/SO83KQuuZvg/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>This... is text! Let's figure out how to draw it.
Starring: Bézier curves and (oh so many) floating point problems.

Source code: https://github.com/SebLague/Text-Rendering
If you'd like to support my work (and get early access to new projects) you can do so here:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague

Resources:
https://developer.apple.com/fonts/TrueType-Reference-Manual/
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2005/01/p1000-loop.pdf
https://wdobbie.com/post/gpu-text-rendering-with-vector-textures/

Font and Music Credits:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/TextRendering

Chapters
0:00:00 Intro
0:01:58 The Font Directory
0:04:27 Loading Simple Glyphs
0:10:42 Bézier Basics
0:13:42 The Character Map
0:15:47 Implied Points
0:18:11 Compound Glyphs
0:20:25 Size and Spacing
0:21:27 Rendering Glyphs with Lots of Triangles
0:22:17 Optimized Curve Rendering (Loop-Blinn)
0:28:20 A Brief Look at SDF Rendering
0:30:33 The Counting Method
0:31:48 Ray-Bézier Intersections
0:34:09 Point in Glyph Test
0:36:35 Shader Time
0:38:37 Floating Point Problems
0:41:22 The Evil Artifact Detector
0:45:36 The Closest Curve Method
0:50:48 Curve Splitting
0:54:31 Defeating the Evil Artifacts
0:58:58 Anti-Aliasing
1:02:47 Performance and Legibility
1:05:11 The Counting Method Returns
1:09:45 Outro</media:description>
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 <entry>
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  <yt:videoId>2Ni13dnAbSA</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Bad Apple but it's a Fluid Simulation</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ni13dnAbSA"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2024-01-03T12:32:31+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-10-07T14:20:30+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Bad Apple but it's a Fluid Simulation</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/2Ni13dnAbSA?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/2Ni13dnAbSA/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>I tried rendering Bad Apple inside of a particle-based fluid simulation.
(I recommend watching in 4K if you can, as video compression is not overly friendly towards all the little dots!)

Full resolution video download:
https://drive.google.com/u/0/uc?id=1zTmq8M0kHYqIuf72yGJvgYuWgE8aKmU3&amp;export=download

If you'd like to learn more about the fluid simulation, take a look at this video:
https://youtu.be/rSKMYc1CQHE?si=Ot8kPjQejVccOCuT
And if you'd like to support my work (and get early access to the project files), you can do so via Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
Or support on Ko-Fi https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague

Credits:
Music by Alstroemeria Records (feat nomico): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i41KoE0iMYU
Animation by あにら (Anira). Specifically, I used this version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtutLA63Cp8</media:description>
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 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:Ne40a5LkK6A</id>
  <yt:videoId>Ne40a5LkK6A</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>I Ran a Chess Programming Tournament, Here's How it Went!</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne40a5LkK6A"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-12-18T17:00:17+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-22T17:07:34+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>I Ran a Chess Programming Tournament, Here's How it Went!</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/Ne40a5LkK6A?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/Ne40a5LkK6A/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Let's have a look at the creative code behind some of the bots, watch their games, and find out who will ultimately emerge victorious.

If you'd like to support my work, you can do so with a recurring or one-off contribution over here:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague

The code for all the entries, as well PGN files for all the games played in the tournament can be found over here:
https://github.com/SebLague/Tiny-Chess-Bot-Challenge-Results

Play against a selection of the bots from beginner to grandmaster level. How many can you defeat?
https://sebastian.itch.io/tiny-chess-bots

Take a look at some videos that competitors made about their entries:
GameTechExplained (rank 78): https://youtu.be/5vsLmM756LA?si=gQEmQILE1NrgdQYW
MilkMindV1 (rank 108): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fvfURAFw4U

Music credits
Bad Apple Remix: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lNm85uXR3RM
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Other%20Videos/ChessResults.txt

TCEC 4K Info:
If you're interesting in taking part in the 4K tournament I mentioned, I recommend joining the TCEC discord linked on https://chessdom.org/ and enquiring about it there.
You can also read more about the event here: https://wiki.chessdom.org/TCEC_4k_Rules

Chapters
0:00:00 Challenge Overview
0:01:09 Some Exploits and Disqualifications
0:02:58 Beginning the Tournament
0:03:58 [Bot] Turochamp (Faithful)
0:06:28 [Bot] WhateverBot
0:08:18 [Game] Turochamp (Faithful) vs WhateverBot
0:09:35  [Game] Pawntress vs WhateverBot
0:10:30 [Bot] applemethod-orz
0:11:42 [Bot] Igris
0:13:19  [Game] applemethod-orz vs Igris
0:14:32 Token Plot
0:15:06 [Bot] BadAppleBot
0:17:30 [Bot] 200 Tokens Monstrosity
0:20:18 [Bot] Baby Squid
0:21:38 [Game] 200 Tokens Monstrosity vs Baby Squid
0:23:19 Tiebreak System
0:23:39 [Bot] TinyHugeBot
0:25:45 [Game] TinyHugeBot vs 200 Tokens Monstrosity
0:26:26 [Bot] Electric Shockwave Gambit
0:28:11 [Bot] SimpleMCTS
0:30:23 [Game] SimpleMCTS vs Electric Shockwave Gambit
0:31:30 [Game] Phoenix Chess vs SimpleMCTS
0:32:28 [Bot] ILVM
0:33:45 [Bot] Les Moutons
0:34:40 [Game] Les Moutons vs ILVM
0:35:51 [Bot] NNBot
0:38:09 [Bot] Game Tech Explained
0:38:41 [Game] NNBot vs Game Tech Explained
0:39:27 [Bot] King Gambot IV
0:41:21 [Game] King Gambot IV vs ILVM
0:41:51 [Game] King Gambot IV vs NNBot
0:42:22 Swiss Results
0:43:32 [Knockout Game] Board 1, Round of 64
0:44:27 [Knockout Game] Board 2, Round of 64
0:46:02 [Knockout Game] Board 9, Round of 64
0:47:43 [Knockout Game] Board 3, Round of 32
0:48:30 [Knockout Game] Board 4, Round of 32
0:49:31 Piece Square Table Compression
0:50:48 Round of 16 Results
0:51:14 [Bot] Tyrant’s V9
0:51:55 [Knockout Game] Board 2, Quarterfinals
0:54:40 [Knockout Game] Board 1, Semifinals
0:56:43 [Knockout Game] Board 2, Semifinals
0:58:56 [Bot] Finalist A
1:06:00 [Final Round] Game 1
1:08:56 [Bot] Finalist B
1:14:05 [Final Round] Game 2
1:15:57 Final Results and Closing Ceremony
1:16:52 [Game] Tournament Winner vs Coding Adventure Bot</media:description>
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 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:rSKMYc1CQHE</id>
  <yt:videoId>rSKMYc1CQHE</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Simulating Fluids</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSKMYc1CQHE"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-10-08T11:09:16+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-10-05T22:57:47+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Simulating Fluids</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/rSKMYc1CQHE?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/rSKMYc1CQHE/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Let's try to convince a bunch of particles to behave (at least somewhat) like water.
Written in C# and HLSL, and running inside the Unity engine.

Source code:
https://github.com/SebLague/Fluid-Sim

If you'd like to support me in creating more videos like this, you can do so here:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
https://ko-fi.com/sebastianlague

Resources:
https://matthias-research.github.io/pages/publications/sca03.pdf
http://www.ligum.umontreal.ca/Clavet-2005-PVFS/pvfs.pdf
https://sph-tutorial.physics-simulation.org/pdf/SPH_Tutorial.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20140725014123/https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/samples/5_Simulations/particles/doc/particles.pdf

Music:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/Fluid-Sim.txt

Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:27 Gravity and Collisions
2:31 Smoothed Particles
3:55 Calculating Density
7:53 The Interpolation Equation
11:58 Gradient Calculations
15:38 The Pressure Force
19:19 Trying to Make it Work...
22:05 Optimizing Particle Lookups
26:31 Spatial Grid Code
27:48 Position Predictions
30:32 Mouse Force
33:22 Artificial Viscosity
36:46 Pressure Problems
39:51 Bugs
41:06 Parallel Sorting
43:22 Some Tests and Experiments
44:47 The Third Dimension
47:23 Outro</media:description>
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 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:iScy18pVR58</id>
  <yt:videoId>iScy18pVR58</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Challenge Announcement: Tiny Chess Bots</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iScy18pVR58"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-07-21T12:48:43+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-23T14:08:50+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Challenge Announcement: Tiny Chess Bots</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/iScy18pVR58?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/iScy18pVR58/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Hello! Here's a little coding challenge for anyone who'd like to take part: you have until October 1st to create a tiny chess bot in C# using the framework linked below. You can find more details about the challenge on that page as well.
https://github.com/SebLague/Chess-Challenge

This challenge is now over. You can find the results over here!
https://youtu.be/Ne40a5LkK6A?si=xVjO6WsrSNLn_AAE

Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:28 MyBot.cs
1:10 Bot Brain Capacity
2:43 The Tournament
3:08 How to Participate
5:00 Outro

Music credits:
A Gentle Pulse by Imprismed
The Cliffs by Trevor Kowalski
Forest Overture by Yehezkel Raz</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="15442" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
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  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:_vqlIPDR2TU</id>
  <yt:videoId>_vqlIPDR2TU</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Making a Better Chess Bot</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vqlIPDR2TU"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-06-30T11:14:45+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-22T13:34:34+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Making a Better Chess Bot</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/_vqlIPDR2TU?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/_vqlIPDR2TU/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Trying to improve an old chess bot by experimenting with various interesting techniques.
You can play (or watch) the bot on lichess: https://lichess.org/@/CodingAdventureBot/playing
This is a sequel to: https://youtu.be/U4ogK0MIzqk

If you'd like to support my work (and get early access to new videos and projects) you can become a patron of the channel over here: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

Source code: https://github.com/SebLague/Chess-Coding-Adventure

A really fun video about various algorithms for playing chess by @tom7:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpXy041BIlA

Music and other credits:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/Chess-2.txt

Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:38 Battle of the Bots
03:18 Maybe Don’t Throw Away the Best Move?
07:13 Transposition Troubles
10:55 Search Extensions
14:01 Refactoring and Recapping
15:51 Tweaking Kings and Pawns
19:35 Bitboards!
23:54 Passed Pawns (and more)
28:32 Magic Bitboards (minus the magic)
34:40 The Magical Part of Magic Bitboards
39:00 Testing and Optimizing Move Generation
41:50 Killers, Reductions, and Repetitions
45:56 Creating a Lichess Bot
49:30 Let’s Play!
54:54 Existential Crisis
55:02 The Bot’s First Game Online
56:12 Can Our Bot Beat Stockfish? (No)
56:59 Rating Speculation
59:28 Outro</media:description>
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 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:kIMHRQWorkE</id>
  <yt:videoId>kIMHRQWorkE</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Answering Your Questions</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIMHRQWorkE"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-05-26T08:08:34+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-19T01:38:24+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Answering Your Questions</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/kIMHRQWorkE?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/kIMHRQWorkE/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Let's talk about some stuff! My process for creating videos, unfinished projects, thoughts on Godot, and more.

Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
My (very crude) video tools:
https://github.com/SebLague/VidTools
Godot Marching Cubes Experiment:
https://github.com/SebLague/Godot-Marching-Cubes
Shapes by Freya: https://www.youtube.com/@Acegikmo
https://acegikmo.com/shapes/
Music credits:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Other%20Videos/Q%26A%20Credits.txt

Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:13 Video Creation Process
3:53 Creating Visualizations
11:50 Unfinished Projects
15:12 Learning Godot
18:35 Compute Shaders in Godot
23:48 Favourite Number
24:02 First Game Engine
26:55 Four Quick Questions
28:38 Outro</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="21176" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="318007"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:Qz0KTGYJtUk</id>
  <yt:videoId>Qz0KTGYJtUk</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Coding Adventure: Ray Tracing</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qz0KTGYJtUk"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-04-01T11:36:15+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-22T06:12:17+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Coding Adventure: Ray Tracing</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/Qz0KTGYJtUk?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/Qz0KTGYJtUk/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>I tried creating a custom ray/path tracing renderer. Featuring: maths, shaders, and cats!
This project was written in C# and HLSL, and uses the Unity game engine.

Source Code: https://github.com/SebLague/Ray-Tracing/tree/Episode01
Support the channel: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague
Coding Adventures Playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0ehjAfLFsp1PGaatzAwo0uK

Learning Resources:
https://raytracing.github.io
https://blog.demofox.org/2020/05/25/casual-shadertoy-path-tracing-1-basic-camera-diffuse-emissive/

Music Credits:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Coding-Adventures/Ray-Tracing.txt

Chapters:
0:00 Intro
1:08 Cameras and Rays
3:30 The Pixel Shader
5:02 Drawing a Sphere
6:59 Multiple Spheres, and Colour!
8:21 Two Types of Reflections
9:04 Experimenting with Randomness
11:14 Random Hemisphere Directions
14:11 The Trace Function
16:35 Testing Lights
17:55 Chair Thief
18:23 Progressive Rendering
19:54 A Simple Sky
20:49 Lambert’s Cosine Law
22:47 Cosine Weighted Rays
22:36 Triangles
24:52 Some Tests
27:14 Specular Reflections
29:59 Tomatoes and Glossiness
31:57 Blur and Anti-Aliasing
34:42 Depth of Field
37:14 The End</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="57778" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="1188601"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:_3cNcmli6xQ</id>
  <yt:videoId>_3cNcmli6xQ</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Experimenting with Buses and Three-State Logic</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3cNcmli6xQ"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2023-01-29T10:04:30+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-24T12:17:21+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Experimenting with Buses and Three-State Logic</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/_3cNcmli6xQ?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/_3cNcmli6xQ/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Let's figure out how to move data around inside our simulated computer. Featuring multiplexers, buses, and three-state logic.

Series playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0dPhqVsKt1Ni_46ARyiCGSq
Simulation tool (work in progress): https://sebastian.itch.io/digital-logic-sim
Source code: https://github.com/SebLague/Digital-Logic-Sim
Support the channel: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

Resources and Inspiration:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzWW-CBugZo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-state_logic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing)
The Art of Electronics (3rd edition)

Music Credits:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Digital-Logic-Sim/Bus%20Video%20Credits

Chapters
0:00 Intro
1:33 Multiplexers
3:47 Making a Mess
4:45 Public Transport to the Rescue
6:09 Push-Pull Outputs
9:17 Bus Contention
10:00 Three-State Outputs
12:23 Bus Buffer
14:56 Testing the Bus
18:08 Outro</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="27603" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="609884"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:hEDQpqhY2MA</id>
  <yt:videoId>hEDQpqhY2MA</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Visualizing Data with 7-Segment Displays</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEDQpqhY2MA"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2022-12-09T11:12:15+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-29T05:03:08+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Visualizing Data with 7-Segment Displays</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/hEDQpqhY2MA?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i1.ytimg.com/vi/hEDQpqhY2MA/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Displaying numbers is trickier than I expected! In this video we explore how to visualize the data inside of our simulated 4-bit registers, with the help of the double dabble algorithm and some seven segment displays.

Series playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0dPhqVsKt1Ni_46ARyiCGSq
Simulation tool (work in progress): https://sebastian.itch.io/digital-logic-sim
Source code: https://github.com/SebLague/Digital-Logic-Sim
Support the channel: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

Correction for a mistake in my boolean algebra explanation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-vLRThfJ4Q

Resources and Inspiration:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_dabble
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/499884/3-digit-of-7-segment-on-logisim/499916#499916
https://pdf1.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/view/5697/MOTOROLA/SN54/74LS248.html

Music:
https://github.com/SebLague/Misc-Project-Info/blob/main/Digital-Logic-Sim/7Seg%20Music%20Credits.txt

Chapters
0:00 Intro
0:49 Two’s Complement Refresher
1:34 Seven-Segment Display + Truth Table
2:58 Boolean Algebra Basics
5:43 Simplifying the Equation
6:48 Converting Algebra to Logic Gates
8:33 Computer-Assisted Design
11:25 Testing the Digit Display Design
12:36 A Real-World Version (the 74LS248)
14:20 Visualizing the Data in a 4-bit Register
15:14 All Ten Digits
17:22 Binary Coded Decimal
19:49 The Double Dabble Algorithm
22:58 Dabbling with Logic Gates
24:05 Implementing Double Dabble
26:39 Displaying an 8-bit Number
27:18 Ripple Blanking
29:32 Displaying Negative Numbers
32:34 Testing the Final Design
33:50 Outro</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="37260" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="1302680"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:hfMk-kjRv4c</id>
  <yt:videoId>hfMk-kjRv4c</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>How to Create a Neural Network (and Train it to Identify Doodles)</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfMk-kjRv4c"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2022-08-12T16:51:48+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-09-22T11:17:13+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>How to Create a Neural Network (and Train it to Identify Doodles)</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/hfMk-kjRv4c?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i1.ytimg.com/vi/hfMk-kjRv4c/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Exploring how neural networks learn by programming one from scratch in C#, and then attempting to teach it to recognize various doodles and images.

Source code: https://github.com/SebLague/Neural-Network-Experiments
Demo: https://sebastian.itch.io/neural-network-experiment

If you'd like to support me in creating more videos (and get early access to new stuff), you can join my patreon here: https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

The data is from:
Digits http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/
Fashion https://github.com/zalandoresearch/fashion-mnist
Doodles https://github.com/googlecreativelab/quickdraw-dataset
Cifar10 https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html

Chapters
0:00 Introduction
2:39 The decision boundary
3:49 Weights
5:42 Biases
6:45 Hidden layers
7:45 Programming the network
9:57 Activation functions
12:42 Cost
15:07 Gradient descent example
18:22 The cost landscape
19:55 Programming gradient descent
21:10 It's learning! (slowly)
23:21 Calculus example
27:34 The chain rule
29:50 Some partial derivatives
33:14 Backpropagation
39:25 Digit recognition
43:56 Drawing our own digits
47:37 Fashion
48:25 Doodles
52:00 The final challenge

Music:
Cosmic Waves - Michael FK
Amber - The Stolen Orchestra
Beyond the Horizon - Sounds Like Sander
Air - Assaf Ayalon
Purest Form - Sounds Like Sander
Hear Wide Open - Sounds Like Sander
Universal Wonder - Moments
Roman P - Moments
All In Good Time - Shimmer
It Will Come Back - The Stolen Orchestra
Frontier - Shimmer
New Moon - Cloud Wave
Sunflower - Cody Martin
Inner Peace - Moments
Enchanted - Cody Martin
Just Around The Corner - Shimmer</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="55306" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="1911060"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:pNp4ug5F6To</id>
  <yt:videoId>pNp4ug5F6To</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Polishing and Releasing My Tiny Geography Game</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pNp4ug5F6To"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2022-05-02T09:14:53+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-08-04T19:38:55+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Polishing and Releasing My Tiny Geography Game</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/pNp4ug5F6To?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i1.ytimg.com/vi/pNp4ug5F6To/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>I've been making some small tweaks and additions to my little geography game based on the great feedback I've received from all of you (thank you!).

If you'd like to play the game, you can download it here: https://sebastian.itch.io/geographical-adventures

The project source is over here: https://github.com/SebLague/Geographical-Adventures

If you'd like to support my work (and get early access to new videos and projects), please consider becoming a patron of the channel over here:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

Project playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0dT82XMtKATYPcVIhpu2fh6

Chapters
0:00 Intro
0:17 Creating a Compass
3:58 Making a Map
10:47 Tweaking the Terrain
13:13 Better city lights
15:40 Star Colour
16:27 Nighttime Visibility
17:26 Hot Air Balloons
19:52 Speed Control
21:34 Skywriting Experiment
24:18 The Final Result

Music:
Spread your Wings - Evgeny Bardyuzha
Immersion - Michael FK
Back Home - Max H
Icicles - Biba Dupont
Less Traveled - Hans Johnson
Let the Rains Come - We Dream of Eden
How it Was - Laurel Violet
Brightest - Ardie Son
L'Absinthe Brûle - Biba Dupont
It Will Come Back - The Stolen Orchestra
Over the Canyon - Gray North
Autumn in Paris - Jan Baars
Passion - Veaceslav Draganov</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="100129" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="2251667"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
 <entry>
  <id>yt:video:UXD97l7ZT0w</id>
  <yt:videoId>UXD97l7ZT0w</yt:videoId>
  <yt:channelId>UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</yt:channelId>
  <title>Trying to Improve My Geography Game with More Real-World Data</title>
  <link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXD97l7ZT0w"/>
  <author>
   <name>Sebastian Lague</name>
   <uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmtyQOKKmrMVaKuRXz02jbQ</uri>
  </author>
  <published>2022-02-09T15:06:56+00:00</published>
  <updated>2024-08-23T02:20:11+00:00</updated>
  <media:group>
   <media:title>Trying to Improve My Geography Game with More Real-World Data</media:title>
   <media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/UXD97l7ZT0w?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
   <media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/UXD97l7ZT0w/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
   <media:description>Continuing the geographical game journey with some performance improvements, bug fixes, graphical upgrades, and a variety of experiments.

If you'd like to try running the game in its current state, there's a free download available here:
https://sebastian.itch.io/geographical-adventures

The project source code is available over here: https://github.com/SebLague/Geographical-Adventures

If you'd like to support my work (and get early access to new videos and projects), please consider becoming a patron of the channel over here:
https://www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

Project playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0dT82XMtKATYPcVIhpu2fh6

Referenced Videos:
Orbits video: https://youtu.be/7axImc1sxa0
Newton's method video (by 3Blue1Brown): https://youtu.be/-RdOwhmqP5s
Atmosphere video: https://youtu.be/DxfEbulyFcY

Music:
Born to Fly - Veaceslav Draganov
Falling Through the Hourglass - Sid Archarya
Horizon - Veaceslav Dragnaov
Living - Borrtex
Another Time Another Place - Sounds Like Sander
All in Good Time - Shimmer
A Tender Heart - The David Roy Collective
In the Kitchen of the Mountain King - Ikoliks
Hourglass - Shimmer
Amber - The Stolen Orchestra
Spread Your Wings - Evgeny Bardyuzha
After the Storm - We Dream of Eden
Gibbous - Michael FK
Orbit - Hans Johnson
Orbital Anomaly - Cody Martin
Falling Stars - Michael FK
Momentum - Borrtex
Gone with the Winds - Veaceslav Draganov

Chapters:
0:00 Hello Everyone
0:20 Please Don't Crash
1:50 Enhance!
8:45 City Lights
12:21 Terrain Mesh Optimization
17:17 Wind Experiment
21:12 Kepler and the Moon
27:32 The Motion of the Sun
28:43 Stars
29:56 Atmospheric Improvements
32:48 Seeing the Sights</media:description>
   <media:community>
    <media:starRating count="131564" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
    <media:statistics views="3708641"/>
   </media:community>
  </media:group>
 </entry>
</feed>
