<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><transcript><text start="7.36" dur="2.877">There is a big debate about the future of
work,</text><text start="10.237" dur="4.163">and we have in the scientific literature a wider range of estimates.</text><text start="14.4" dur="6.04">Early estimates even suggest that up to half of current employment in advanced countries</text><text start="20.44" dur="3.39">could be replaced by up and coming technologies.</text><text start="23.83" dur="8.14">Still, later estimates are a little more conservative and predict that around 15% of current employment</text><text start="31.97" dur="5.53">could be susceptible to automation in the next future.</text><text start="39.8" dur="3.62">Some jobs will be more exposed to automation
than others.</text><text start="43.42" dur="3.3">And it&amp;#39;s pretty clear which kind of jobs this
will be.</text><text start="46.72" dur="7.36">These are jobs like drivers, machine operators,
all those jobs that are very routine intensive,</text><text start="54.08" dur="4.84">require a little level of social interactions
and a little level of problem-solving.</text><text start="58.92" dur="7.6">But also, many other jobs will be highly transformed,
and this includes sales workers, ICT technicians,</text><text start="66.52" dur="2.02">personal care workers.</text><text start="68.54" dur="8.3">If we look at the advancement in artificial intelligence
and machine learning, even some high-skilled jobs</text><text start="76.84" dur="8.16">like teachers or doctors will be at some
point affected by new technologies.</text><text start="88.84" dur="5">Where we have high shares of informality,
and large agriculture sector,</text><text start="93.84" dur="6.88">the repercussion of new technologies will be slightly different than in advanced countries.</text><text start="100.72" dur="6.06">On the one hand, we will have a larger share of jobs that could potentially be at risk of automation,</text><text start="106.78" dur="3.32">especially in agriculture,
in the construction sector.</text><text start="110.1" dur="8.08">But on the other hand, the fact that labour
may remain cheap may somehow lessen this effect.</text><text start="118.18" dur="8.04">At the same time, workers in developing countries,
as they see the increase in the service sector,</text><text start="126.22" dur="4.182">will be increasingly required to leverage
their digital skills</text><text start="130.402" dur="3.238">together with their non-cognitive social skills.</text><text start="133.76" dur="6.02">So basically, their ability to plan effectively,
to organise and teamwork.</text></transcript>