St. Louis was not finished as a music city when the ragtime years ended. Because of its location as a main stop for the steamboats traveling on the Mississippi River, it was important as an entertainment and tourist city, particularly through the 1920s.
Like New Orleans, St. Louis had a large red-light district and many cafes and bars, so there was plenty of employment for musicians. Of the bands coming up the river from New Orleans, pianist Fate Marables was one of the most impressive.
Before these musicians settled in Chicago, Marables group featured such top players as cornetists Louis Armstrong and Tommy Ladnier, clarinetist Johnny Dodds, bassists Pops Foster and (in the 1930s) Jimmy Blanton, and drummers Baby Dodds and Zutty Singleton.
The influx of musicians in the early 1920s made St. Louis one of the more important Midwestern cities for jazz, although the lack of local record companies led to insufficient documentation of local bands and the dominance of Chicago and Kansas City overshadowed St. Louis role.
In the 1920s the most significant jazz groups were led by trumpeters Charlie Creath, who led the Jazz-O-Maniacs, and Dewey Jackson, who headed the Peacock Orchestra. Creaths band recorded just a dozen selections from 1924 to 1927 for the Okeh label, when the company took a mobile recording unit on field trips, while Jackson just led one four-song session.
Other recording groups included the Arcadia Peacock Orchestra of St. Louis and the unrelated Arcadian Serenaders, with either Sterling Bose or Wingy Manone on cornets; the latter played music similar to that of the New Orleans Rhythm Kings.
Dewey Jackson (June 21, 1900 - January 1, 1994) was an American jazz trumpeter and cornetist.
Jackson began playing professionally at an early age, with the Odd Fellows Boys' Band (1912), Tommy Evans (1916-17), and George Reynolds's Keystone Band. He played with Charlie Creath on riverboats, and then led his own Golden Melody Band from 1920 to 1923. He continued to be a regular performer on riverboats into the early 1940s, heading his own groups and working as a sideman for Creath and Fate Marable. His only major stint off boats during this time was in 1926, when he played for four months with Andrew Preer at the Cotton Club in New York City.
Jackson played little in the 1940s but returned to work in the 1950s with Singleton Palmer and Don Ewell. He recorded only four sides as a leader in 1926. Among his sidemen were Pops Foster, Willie Humphrey, Don Stovall, Morris White, Albert Snaer, William Thornton Blue, and Clark Terry.
Arcadia Peacock Orchestra of St.Louis - Ain't You Ashamed (1924)
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