The Islamic Belief of True Salaf. Allah is Attributed with Perfection
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, to Him belong the endowments and the befitting perfections and commendations. I ask Allah to raise the rank of Prophet Muhammad, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, and to protect his nation from that which he fears for it, Thereafter:
The saying that Allah, ta^ala, exists without a place is the belief and the creed of the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, the Companions and the True Salaf and Khalaf, those who graciously followed them, and it shall be until the Day of Judgment. The proof of this precious statement is what Allah said in the Qur'an, in Surat ash-Shura, ayah 11 which means: "There is nothing like Him and He has the attribute of Hearing and Seeing." This ayah absolutely and totally clears Allah of resembling the creation. It comprises that Allah, ta^ala, is different from the creations in the Self, Attributes, and Doings. Hence, it shows that Allah, ta^ala, exists without a place, because the one who exists in a place would, by nature, be composed of atoms, i.e., he would be a body, occupying a space, and Allah, ta^ala, is clear of occupying spaces.
Al-Bukhariyy, al-Bayhaqiyy and Ibn al¬Jarud related that the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, said which means: "Allah existed eternally and there was nothing else." This hadith proves that Allah was alone in al-'azal, (the status of existence without a beginning,) i.e., before creating any of the creation. There was nothing with Him: no place, no space, no sky, no light, and no darkness. It is determined in the rules of the Religion and the judgments of the sound mind that Allah, the Exalted, does not change. Hence, it is impossible that after having been existing without a place, He would become in a place, because this is a development, and the development is a sign of needing others, and the one who needs others is not God.
Imam Abu Mansur al-Baghdadiyy related in his book, Al-Farqu Bayn al¬Firaq, that Imam ^Aliyy, the fourth of the caliphs, may Allah reward his deeds, said which means: Allah existed eternally and there was no place, and He now is as He was, i.e., without a place.
Imam Abu Hanifah, who is one of the authorities of as-Salaf, said in his book Al-Fiqh al¬Absat: "Allah existed eternally and there was no place. He existed before creating the creation. He existed, and there was no place, creation, or thing; and He is the Creator of everything."
عقيدة التوحيد السلفية في الأسماء والصفات - الله موجود بلا كيف ولا مكان
الحمد لله جمهور الأمّة المحمّديّة مئات الملايين علماؤهم في الشّرق والغرب يعتقدون ويدرّسون أنّ الله تبارك وتعالى موجود منزّه عن الحجم والمكان والجهة.
قال الإمام المجتهد أبو حنيفة النّعمان بن ثابتٍ الكوفيّ ت150 هـ في كتابه الفقه الأبسط "كان الله تعالى ولا مكان قبل أن يخلق الخلق وكان الله تعالى ولم يكن أين ولا خلق ولا شىء وهو خالق كلّ شىءٍ" اهـ.
قال المفسّر فخر الدّين الرّازيّ ت 606 هـ في تفسيره التّفسير الكبير ما نصّه: "قوله تعالى وهو العليّ العظيم لا يجوز أن يكون المراد بكونه عليًّا العلوّ بالجهة والمكان لما ثبتت الأدلّة على فساده فوجب أن يكون المراد من العليّ المتعالي عن مشابهة الممكنات ومناسبة المحدثات" اهـ. أمّا معنى العظيم الّذي هو أعظم من كلّ شىءٍ قدرًا
نقل الحافظ الزّبيديّ في كتابه اتحاف السّادة المتّقين عن الإمام المجتهد الشّافعي ت 204 هـ "إنّه تعالى كان ولا مكان فخلق المكان وهو على صفة الأزليّة كما كان قبل خلقه المكان لا يجوز عليه التّغيير في ذاته ولا التّبديل في صفاته" اهـ.
http://alsunna.org/adilla.htm
http://alsunna.org/attributes.htm
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