Cellular Adaptation: Chapter 1
Seven Causes of Cellular Injury
1. Hypoxia
2. Infectious
3. Hypersensitivity
4. Autoimmune
5. Congenital
6. Chemical/Physical
7. Nutritional/Vitamin excess of deficiency
Cellular Adaptation:
1. Dysplasia
2. Metaplasia
3. Hyperplasia
4. Hypertrophy
5. Atrophy
Different Types of Necrosis
1. Liguefactive
2. Coagulative
3. Gangrenous
4. Finbrinoid
5. Fat
6. Caseous
Hook
It's a broad and complex field, seeking to understand
The mechanism of cellular injury and how the body can
Respond and repair -- cellular adaptation
Of which 7 causes are identified -- let's make haste
Most common is hypoxia -- second is infectious
Hypersensitivity -- autoimmune are next -- run the check list
Congenital, chemical, physical forms of injury
Nutritional or vitamin -- excess or deficiency
V1
Cause on the cellular level -- the responses to injury
There's adaptation or injury reversibility.
If irreversible, cell death's the diagnosis,
Either by apoptosis or necrosis
LCGF2C
Life Can Get Far Too Complicated
So let's see the 6 types of Necrosis:
Liquefactive, Coagulative, Gangrenous, Fibrinoid, Fat, and Caseus.
The craziest and most common form is Coagulative.
Need an H&E Stain and microscope to examine it
To see the cytoplasmic proteins denatured;
Loss of nucleus with a preserved architecture.
Lyrical Lectures and cellular destruction
By hydrolytic enzymes -- Liquefactive Necrosis --
Occurs in abscesses -- brain infarcts -- or pancreas
(i.e.) Leukocyte enzymes causing pus is the fanciest.
Caseus -- just a combination of the first two.
Friable and cottage-cheese -- it'll hurt you and the nurse, too.
In the case of TB -- quarantine the fella...
Ella... Ella... like Nelson Mandella.
Fibrinoid -- histologically resembles fibrin
Surprisingly -- homogenous -- microscopically dive in
Gangrenous tissue is sort of like a hybrid
Dry is coagulative -- Wet is liquefactive.
Hook
It's a broad and complex field, seeking to understand
The mechanism of cellular injury and how the body can
Respond and repair -- cellular adaptation
Of which 7 causes are identified -- let's make haste
Most common is hypoxia -- second is infectious
Hypersensitivity -- autoimmune are next -- run the check list
Congenital, chemical, physical forms of injury
Nutritional or vitamin -- excess or deficiency
V2
The most common is hypoxia -- defined as lack of oxygen
The cell's inability to synthesize energy
Or ATP by aerobic oxidation
3 major causes of this hypoxic creation:
First is Ischemia -- or loss of a blood supply
(i.e.) Arteriosclerosis -- Thrombus -- or Thromboemboli
2nd is Cardiopulmonary Failure
3rd is Decreased Oxygen-Carrying Capacity -- Anemia.
Bacteremia, Viremia, Parasitemia
Another cause of injury is Infectious -- like fungemia.
Direct infection or production of toxins
Or the induction of the host inflammatory responses.
Congenital disorders are sort of in-born errors
Of metabolism -- inherited Autosomal Recessive manner:
Genetic defects involving enzymes more common than
Defects in Structural Proteins by Autosomal Dominance.
Hook
It's a broad and complex field, seeking to understand
The mechanism of cellular injury and how the body can
Respond and repair -- cellular adaptation
Of which 7 causes are identified -- let's make haste
Most common is hypoxia -- second is infectious
Hypersensitivity -- autoimmune are next -- run the check list
Congenital, chemical, physical forms of injury
Nutritional or vitamin -- excess or deficiency
V3
Chemical injury includes Drugs and Poisons;
More than noise pollution -- occupational exposures
Asbestosis -- carbon monoxide poisoning
Social/lifestyle choices -- alcohol/cigarette smoking
Illicit drug overdosing and recreational potions.
Physical forms of injury include blunt force and
Penetrating trauma -- like gunshot wounds.
Pressure changes -- radiation -- burns and frostbite, too.
Nutritional/Vitamin imbalances causes injury,
Either in excess or by a deficiency.
Inadequate calorie or protein intake like neglected
Kids with Marasmus or teens anorexic.
Excess calorie intake leads to Obesity:
Increased risk of atherosclerosis & Diabetes.
Vitamin deficiencies -- from A to Z
I'll cover it all -- this is Pramanik, M.D.
Hook
It's a broad and complex field, seeking to understand
The mechanism of cellular injury and how the body can
Respond and repair -- cellular adaptation
Of which 7 causes are identified -- let's make haste
Most common is hypoxia -- second is infectious
Hypersensitivity -- autoimmune are next -- run the check list
Congenital, chemical, physical forms of injury
Nutritional or vitamin -- excess or deficiency
Copyright © Pramanik Bharadwaj, M.D., 2011. All Rights Reserved.
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5:40
cell injuryby doctorbhanuprakash3,338 views
Now I changed my mind. But I wish I could slow it down so I can understand better.
t445577o 8 months ago
@t445577o Check the liner notes for explanations on the 7 causes of cellular injury - and then also the different causes of necrosis - the lyrics are also written for your convenience. You can also pause and play - or just keep repeating the song/video until you've memorized it. You'll be surprised how the subconscious brain works. themdmc (.com)
brownskinzfunk 8 months ago
Very annoying
t445577o 8 months ago
@t445577o Thank you for watching
brownskinzfunk 8 months ago
This sums up a full chapter in my Pathophysiology book. Awesome!
scoobydoo507 1 year ago 2
@scoobydoo507 Thanks Scoobydoo... more to come...
let me know if theres a topic I can write a song to for you - something that's considered difficult to memorize... good luck with your exams.
brownskinzfunk 1 year ago