Tibet, China -- Ownership of Tibet, Part Four #004

Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
When the Qing Dynasty replaced the Ming Dynasty in 1644, it further strengthened administration over Tibet. In 1653 and 1713, the Qing emperors granted honorific titles to the 5th Dalai Lama and the 5th Bainqen Lama, henceforth officially establishing the titles of the Dalai Lama and the Bainqen Erdeni and their political and religious status in Tibet. The Dalai Lama ruled the bulk of areas from Lhasa while the Bainqen Erdeni ruled the remaining area of Tibet from Xigaze. In 1719, Qing government troops were sent into Tibet to dispel the Zungar forces which had been entrenched in Lhasa for three years, and set out to reform Tibet's administrative system. The Qing emperor made a young Living Buddha of the Xikang area the 7th Dalai Lama and had him escorted into Tibet, and appointed four Tibetan officials renowned for meritorious service "Galoins" to handle Tibet's political affairs. From 1727, High commissioners were stationed in Tibet to supervise local administration on behalf of the central authorities. Officials were also assigned about this time to survey and delimit the borders between Tibet (i.e. Xizang) and Sichuan, Yunnan and Qinghai.

In order to perfect Tibet's administrative organizations, the Qing Dynasty on many occasions enacted "regulations" to rectify and reform old systems and establish new ones. The Authorized Regulations for the Better Governing of Tibet, promulgated in 1793, had 29 articles. Their major purport was:

The Qing government holds the power to confirm the reincarnation of all deceased high Living Buddhas of Tibet including the Dalai Lama and the Bainqen Erdeni. When the reincarnate boy has been found, his name will be written on a lot, which shall be put into a gold urn bestowed by the central government. The high commissioners will bring together appropriate high-ranking Living buddhas to determine the authenticity of the reincarnate boy by drawing lots from the gold urn. (Both the gold urn and lots are still preserved in Lhasa.) The tonsure of the incarnate Living Buddha, his religious name, the choice of the master to initiate him into monkhood and his sutra instructor all have to be reported by the high commissioners to the imperial court for examination and approval. The central government will send high officials to supervise in person the installation ceremony for the new Dalai Lama and the new Bainqen Erdeni and also the ceremony for their taking over reins of government at coming of age.

The high commissioners will supervise the handling of Tibetan affairs on behalf of the central government, enjoying the equal standing with the Dalai Lama and the Bainqen Erdeni. All the Galoins and those below them are subordinates

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[tgby1222]

great

[guohanqiong]

THEY ARE NOT MONKS,THEY ARE LAMA~

[Crapidiot]

read seals idiots

QING FTW

[FamousReporter]

LAMA~

[hokulani78]

Can you read those seals? those seals and some of those treaties are written in Manchurian, Chinese, and Tibetan.

[mayyoubekind]

CCP has committed Culture Genocide in Tibet and stolen Tibet's nature resources and Vietnam's Islands. China has betrayed Olympic spirit Outrageous It's not only silent it own citizen but also bullying others nations to ban world athletes from freedom of speak

CCP is a virus. There is a vaccine that kill CCP which is Democracy, Free Press (Freedom of speak injected to Chinese) The Olympic is our chance to fight the host!

(¯`v´¯)

`•.¸.•´ ♥ Thank You ♥

¸.•´¸.•´¨) ¸.•*¨)

(¸.•´ (¸.•´ .•´ ¸¸•¨¯`•♥

[tsayang]

Get a life dude!

[okyou08]

Chinese gov NO propaganda! No lies! How many monks dead?!?

HUMAN RIGHTS!!