Born in 1957. Tharman Shanmugaratnam obtained undergraduate and masters degrees in economics from the London School of Economics and Cambridge University. He earned a Master in public administration at Harvard University, where he received the Lucius N. Littauer Fellow Award.
Tharman Shanmugaratnam spent much of his earlier professional life at the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), Singapores central bank and integrated financial regulator, where he was Chief Executive before his entry into politics in 2001. Having served in the economic and the education ministry, he was appointed Minister for Education in 2003. Before stepping down as Minister for Education in 2008, Tharman Shanmugaratnam was named Minister for Finance in 2007.
In addition to his political career, Tharman Shanmugaratnam is Deputy Chairman of the National Research Foundation and serves on the boards of the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) and the MAS. He is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Singapore Indian Development Association (SINDA), which seeks to uplift educational aspirations and strengthen resilience in the local Indian community. In addition, he is Chairman of the Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour Studies as well as Chairman of the Council of Advisors of the Singapore Industrial and Services Employees Union (SISEU).
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