Quran Ke Tarikhi (Historical) Maqamat - Part 9

According to Bedouin tradition, this is the mountain where God gave laws to the Israelites. However, the earliest Christian traditions place this event at the nearby Mount Serbal, and a monastery was founded at its base in the 4th century; it was only in the 6th century that the monastery moved to the foot of Mount Catherine, following the guidance of Josephus's earlier claim that Sinai was the highest mountain in the area. Jebel Musa, which is adjacent to Mount Catherine, was only equated with Sinai, by Christians, after the 15th century. Also, for Muslims, there is a chapter named after this mountain in the Quran, entitled, Surah-Tin; surah/chapter 95. In which God promises by the fig, the olive, by the Mount Sinai and the city of Makkah. Orthodoxies settled down on this mountain in the III century, Georgians moved in Sinai in VI century, although Georgian colony was formed in the IX century. Georgians erected their own temples in this area. The construction of one of the temples was connected with the name of David The Builder, who contributed to erecting of temples not only in Georgia but abroad too. The construction of the temple on Sinai Mountain was not only religious step; furthermore it had a great political and cultural meaning. Georgian monks, living there were deeply connected with motherland. The temple had it`s own plots in Kartli. Part of the Georgian manuscripts of Sinai still remain there but some of them are kept in Tbilisi, St. Petersburg, Prague, New York, Paris and in private collections.
Many modern biblical scholars now believe that the Israelites would have crossed the Sinai peninsula in a straight line, rather than detouring to the southern tip (assuming that they did not cross the eastern branch of the Red Sea/Reed Sea in boats or on a sandbar), and therefore look for Mount Sinai elsewhere.
The Song of Deborah, which textual scholars consider to be one of the oldest parts of the bible, suggests that Yahweh dwelt at Mount Seir, so many scholars favour a location in Nabatea (modern Arabia). Alternatively, the biblical descriptions of Sinai can be interpreted as describing a volcano, and so a small number of scholars have considered equating Sinai with locations in north western Saudi Arabia; there are no volcanoes in the Sinai Peninsula.

The summit of the mountain has a mosque and a Greek Orthodox chapel (which was constructed in 1934 on the ruins of a 16th century church) neither of which are open to the public. The chapel supposedly encloses the rock from which God made the Tablets of the Law. [4] At the summit also is "Moses' cave" where Moses waited to receive the Ten Commandments.
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