Thailand, then Siam, defeated Angkor in 1431, beginning a long struggle with Vietnam over control of the Khmer kingdom, before France intervened in 19th century and proclaimed a protectorate over the region. Greater turmoil struck Cambodia in the mid- to late-20th century, when the Khmer Rouge Communist army seized the country's largest city, Phnom Penh. Some 2 million people were killed and the violent influence of the Khmer Rouge continued well into the 1990s.
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