Stirring Liquid

Magneto-hydrodynamics provides us with a convenient means for stirring liquids. By appropriate patterning of the electrodes, one can induce forces in different directions and generate complex flow patterns. By alternating the potential difference between various groups of electrodes, chaotic advection and effective stirring are achieved. Various stirrers were modeled, fabricated, and tested. Each branch has two individually controlled electrodes positioned along opposing walls and additional disk-shaped electrodes deposited in the conduit's interior away from its sidewalls. When one applies a potential difference between a disk-shaped electrode and two wall electrodes acting in tandem, circulatory motion is induced in the conduit. When the potential difference alternates periodically across two or more such configurations, complicated (chaotic) motions evolve. As the period of alternation increases, so does the complexity of the flow.

Source: http://repository.upenn.edu/meam_papers/110/

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