Historical Sources:
G. Vitolo, "Medioevo", Milano-Firenze, Sansoni, 2004.
G. Tabacco, "Egemonie sociali e strutture del potere nel medioevo italiano", Torino, Einaudi, 2000.
R. Mantran, "L'espansione musulmana dal VII all'XI secolo", Milano, Mursia, 1978.
M. Lombard, "Splendore e apogeo dell'Islam (VIII-XI secolo)", Milano, Rizzoli, 1991.
B. Badie, "I due stati. Società e potere in Islam e Occidente", Genova, Marietti, 1991.
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., 1994-2003.
Genetic and Anthropological Sources:
1) Haplogroup E3b and its subclades in Italy
1a.
Here Cruciani et al. (2004), Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa:
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1181964
Open the TABLE 1: Y-Chromosome Haplogroup E Percent Frequencies in the Populations Studied.
1b.
Cruciani et al. (2007) calculate the contribution of northern African lineages to the entire male gene pool of continental Italy, and they show how its trifling, especially in continental Southern Italy --_see the PART 3 of this work on The Real Truth About The Italians:
2) Haplogroup J2 in Italy
Here Onofri et al. (2008), Y chromosome J2 subtyping in an Italian sample: Population and forensic implications:
http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/1875-1768/PIIS18751...
If you cant open the file, go to this link:
http://www.fsigeneticssup.com/article/PIIS187517680800200X/fulltext
This recent study demonstrates the lineage frequencies of haplogroup J2 in southern Italy and in northern Italy are almost identical, because the presence of this haplogroup in the the Italian peninsula dates back to the prehistorical times.
The other sources:
Vona et al. (1998) Genetic structure of western Sicily. Inter J Anthro; 13:137-147
Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. (1997) Genes, peoples and languages. Proc Natl Acad Sci; 94:7719-7724
Simoni et al. (1999) Patterns of gene flow inferred from genetic distances in the Mediterranean region. Hum Biol; 71:399-415
Scozzari et al. (2001) Human Y-chromosome variation in the western Mediterranean area: Implications for the peopling of the region. Hum Immun; 62:871-884
Capelli et al. (2005) Population Structure in the Mediterranean Basin: A Y Chromosome Perspective. Ann Hum Genet (Online Early)
Romano et. al. (2003) Autosomal microsatellite and mtDNA genetic analysis in Sicily (Italy). Ann Hum Genet; 67:42-53
Ghiani et al. (2004) Y-chromosome 10 locus short tandem repeat haplotypes in a population sample from Sicily Italy. Leg Med; 2:89-96
Vona et al. (2001) Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in Sicily. Am J Hum Biol; 13:576-589
Notes:
-zapped17 wrote on the description of his video Genetic studies prove that there are significant frequencies of Middle Eastern/ North African haplogroups in Southern Italy then he posts a few of links to blogs and not very recent studies. The funny think is that noone of those studies shows any significant frequency of North African haplogroups in Southern Italy. Noone. For example, he posts Semino et al. (2004) that actually shows just an almost insignificant 5.5% frequency of the haplogroup E-M81 only for the Sicilian sample. Besides Semino et al. (2004) considered the lineage J-M267 in Southern Europe as related with a recent gene flow from North Africa, and zapped17, obviously, reports that, but Cruciani et al (2007) clearly demonstrate that Whether lineages E-M123, J-M267, G-M201, and K-M70, commonly found in both northern Africa and Europe, were involved in the same population movements remains to be ascertained due to the poor phylogeographic resolution of these haplogroups.
The only exception is an odd analysis.
Lately zapped17 has added an other study, that is a joke more than a scientific analysis:
Gérard et al. (2006), North African Berber and Arab Influences in the Western Mediterranean Revealed by Y-Chromosome DNA Haplotypes. Though it has been edited in 2006 this study has to be considered outdated and old, because it is just a work based on conjectures advanced by Gérard Lucotte - one of the authors of the study itself - in the 90s about a so called Arab subhaplotype Vb. Gérard et al. (2006) has been a complete failure within the scientific community, in fact almost noone has later cited any line from this odd study, that probably hoped for some glory due to its originality. The relatively abnormal frequencies of supposed northern African admixture this study would show in Iberia but also in Sicily and Naples make the reader laugh.
And of course it is completely denied but the more recent (and for certain much more prestigious) Cruciani et al. (2007) - see the "part 3" of my work, that also shows how the sub-clade E-V65, definitely Arab/Northern African is almost absent from Italy.
Ottimo video, chiaro, conciso e storicamente ben documentato.
Ho ragione di credere che le persone che diffondono video in cui si dice che gli Italiani sono "mezzi arabi perchè l'Italia fu invasa dai Mori" e falsità simili, in realtà siano nordafricani.
Almeno uno dei vari trolls quasi sicuramente è un libico che si spaccia per un "razzista nordicista".
Questa gente ha messo gli occhi sul nostro Paese ed è pronta a sostenere qualunque menzogna propagandistica pur di appropriarsene.
TheKoster1978 1 month ago 8
@TheKoster1978 Of course Arabs, Africans and Indians make those videos with their faces amending history!
They even open "Italian" restaurants and bars abroad and go out with our flag on their cloths claiming of being Italian...
They have invaded our country, and trying to change the image of it and expell us.
LouiseHans10 1 month ago 6