ETA Terrorism part one of two

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ETA was founded by young nationalists, who were for a time affiliated with the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) around 1952. It was originally called EKIN but on 31 July 1959, it reconstituted itself as ETA/

Their split from the PNV was apparently because they considered the PNV too moderate in its opposition to Franco's dictatorship. They disagreed with the PNV's rejection of violence.

In 1965, the sixth Assembly of ETA adopted a Marxist-Leninist position.

In its early years, ETA's activity seems to have consisted mostly of destroying infrastructure and Spanish symbols.

ETA's first confirmed murder occurred on 7 June 1968, when Guardia Civil, José Pardines Arcay was shot dead when he tried to halt ETA member Txabi Etxebarrieta during the course of a routine road check. Etxebarrieta was chased down and killed as he tried to flee. This led to retaliation in the form of the first planned ETA assassination, that of Melitón Manzanas, chief of the secret police in San Sebastián.

In December 1973, Admiral Luis Carrero Blanco, Franco's chosen successor, was killed by a bomb.

After Franco's death ETA intensified violence although some members accepted a partial amnesty granted by the Spanish government and integrated into the political party Euskadiko Ezkerra.

During the 1980s a "dirty war" ensued by means of the Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación (GAL, "Antiterrorist Liberation Groups"), a paramilitary patriotic group which billed themselves as counter-terrorist, active between 1983 and 1987. The GAL committed assassinations, kidnappings and torture, not only of ETA members but of civilians supposedly related to those, some of whom turned out to have nothing to do with ETA. 27 people were murdered by GAL.

One consequence of GAL's activities in France was the decision in 1984 by interior minister Pierre Joxe to permit the extradition of ETA suspects to Spain. Reaching this decision had taken 25 years and was critical in curbing ETA's capabilities by denial of previously safe territory in France.

On 22 March 2006, ETA called a "permanent ceasefire" that was broadcast over Spanish TV. Talks with the group were then officially opened by Spanish Presidente del Gobierno José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. On 30 December 2006 ETA detonated a van bomb after three confusing warning calls, in a parking building at the Madrid Barajas international airport.

ETA has killed over 820 people since 1968 but its support has been declining for thirty years by people sick of the violence it engenders.

Category:

Education

Tags:

• ETA
• Basque
• Spain
• Pais
• Vasco
• Bilbao
• San
• Sebastian
• Francisco
• Franco
• Carrera
• Blanco
• Franquismo
• Franquist
• fascist
• fascism
• Marxist
• Leninist
• terror
• terrorist
• murder
• bomb
• bombing
• Madrid
• Espańa
• democracy
• Barajas

[chinahands100]

jesus narrated it hahaha