Earth Rotation & Revolution around a moving Sun

Earth Rotation & revolution around the sun which in turn moving around the galaxy.

Rotation period:
Earth's rotation period relative to the Sun (its mean solar day) is 86,400 seconds of mean solar time. Each of these seconds is slightly longer than an SI second because Earth's solar day is now slightly longer than it was during the 19th century due to tidal acceleration. The mean solar second between 1750 and 1892 was chosen in 1895 by Simon Newcomb as the independent unit of time in his Tables of the Sun. These tables were used to calculate the world's ephemerides between 1900 and 1983, so this second became known as the ephemeris second. The SI second was made equal to the ephemeris second in 1967
Earth's rotation period relative to the fixed stars, called its stellar day by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), is 86,164.098 903 691 seconds of mean solar time (UT1) (23h 56m 4.098 903 691s Earth's rotation period relative to the precessing or moving mean vernal equinox, misnamed its sidereal day is 86,164.090 530 832 88 seconds of mean solar time (UT1) (23h 56m 4.090 530 832 88s). Thus the sidereal day is shorter than the stellar day by about 8.4 ms. The length of the mean solar day in SI seconds is available from the IERS for the periods 1623 - 2005 and 1962 - 2005.
Recently (1999 - 2005) the average annual length of the mean solar day in excess of 86,400 SI seconds has varied between 0.3 ms and 1 ms, which must be added to both the stellar and sidereal days given in mean solar time above to obtain their lengths in SI seconds.
The angular speed of Earth's rotation in inertial space is 7.2921159 × 10−5 radians per SI second (mean solar second).Multiplying by (180°/π radians)×(86,400 seconds/mean solar day) yields 360.9856°/mean solar day, indicating that Earth rotates more than 360° relative to the fixed stars in one solar day. Earth's movement along its nearly circular orbit while it is rotating once around its axis requires that Earth rotate slightly more than once relative to the fixed stars before the mean Sun can pass overhead again, even though it rotates only once (360°) relative to the mean Sun. Multiplying the value in rad/s by Earth's equatorial radius of 6,378,137 m (WGS84 ellipsoid) (factors of 2π radians needed by both cancel) yields an equatorial speed of 465.1 m/s, 1,674.4 km/h or 1,040.4 mi/h. Some sources state that Earth's equatorial speed is slightly less, or 1,669.8 km/h. This is obtained by dividing Earth's equatorial circumference by 24 hours. However, the use of only one circumference unwittingly implies only one rotation in inertial space, so the corresponding time unit must be a sidereal hour. This is confirmed by multiplying by the number of sidereal days in one mean solar day, 1.002 737 909 350 795, which yields the equatorial speed in mean solar hours given above of 1,674.4 km/h.
The permanent monitoring of the Earth's rotation requires the use of Very Long Baseline Interferometry coordinated with the Global Positioning System, Satellite laser ranging, and other satellite techniques. This provides the absolute reference for the determination of universal time, precession, and nutation.
Over millions of years, the rotation is significantly slowed by gravitational interactions with the Moon: see tidal acceleration. However some large scale events, such as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, have caused the rotation to speed up by around 3 microseconds.

Revolution:
Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 150 million kilometers every 365.2564 mean solar days, or one sidereal year. From Earth, this gives an apparent movement of the Sun eastward with respect to the stars at a rate of about 1°/day, or a Sun or Moon diameter every 12 hours. Because of this motion, on average it takes 24 hours—a solar day—for Earth to complete a full rotation about its axis so that the Sun returns to the meridian. The orbital speed of the Earth averages about 30 km/s (108,000 km/h), which is fast enough to cover the planet's diameter (about 12,600 km) in seven minutes, and the distance to the Moon (384,000 km) in four hours.. Viewed from the celestial north pole, the motion of Earth, the Moon and their axial rotations are all counter-clockwise. Viewed from a vantage point above the north poles of both the Sun and the Earth, the Earth appears to revolve in a counterclockwise direction about the Sun.

Sun's motion in the Milky Way:
The Sun is currently traveling through the Local Interstellar Cloud in the Local Bubble zone, within the inner rim of the Orion Arm of the Milky Way Galaxy. Of the 50 nearest stellar systems within 17 light-years from the Earth, the Sun ranks 4th in mass.The Sun orbits the center of the Milky Way galaxy at a distance of approximately 24,000 - 26,000 light years from the galactic center, completing one clockwise orbit, as viewed from the galactic north pole, in about 225 - 250 million years.

Category:

Science & Technology

Tags:

• NASA
• earth
• rotation
• revolution
• sun
• movement
• kurd
• kurdistan

[WillowFox]

Why isn't there a SchoolTube, for teachers and schools to post educational and scientific videos to?

[KurdstanPlanetarium]

@WillowFox well I m a teacher of Mathematics myself, so regard my channel as one, since its an educational channel at the first place and my profession here is Astronomy !!

[PianoGamer64]

Nice video, I was looking for info on whether the north pole consistently faces away from certain stars in the galaxy over a short time (~a decade, preferably leaning away 30-40 degrees), which would fit nicely in a story I'm writing. Do you know if this holds for certain stars? I don't need any specific names of stars. (I was trying to judge from this picture, looks like it holds true for stars to the left of earth here: calgary(dot)rasc(dot)ca/images­/solar_system_from_galactic_ce­ntre(dot)gif

[KurdstanPlanetarium]

@PianoGamer64 if you look for informatin about Earth Axial Rotation then I advice you to google search (Precession of the Equinox), then you learn that Earth Axis that is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degree makes a complete cirular revolution around in 26000 years, because of it, the North Pole star (now Polaris) changes as well as Seasonal dates. the change is apparent in millenniums not in decades, it changes one zodial constellation evey 2000 years, so Vernal equinox contellations change too!

[YamiPoyo]

If the earth is moving like this why have the constellations never changed in human history?

[KurdstanPlanetarium]

@YamiPoyo the conetellations which are made by stars usually with no relation to each other but case of perespective,however those stars are too far. it takes thousands of years to make an appreciable changes to be noticed. they were almost like this when the ancient reported them and would stay as such for sometimes. however they do change, even sensitive astronomical equpiments can recored such changes..however I can make video to show you how they change over times, you just gave an idea.thnx

[NovaScotiaChick]

Like some people are not good with maths or don't know their left from right, I can hardly wrap my brain around what the earth, moon, sun, the most obvious commuters, do in terms of orbiting, rotating, travelling, you name it. Until this clip I had no idea that the sun travels. Thank you for the education. This time of year in Spain I can see the Big Dipper very well. For years I wondered what that big question mark was called. ;)

[sharbel23]

@1Joyeux

I know of the various inquisitions. Evil enemies of the truth have always tried to undermine the Divinely revealed truth. When the Church of God had greater influence because there were many more believers, it allowed for the Church to take action against these persons. Galileo was not persecuted. Just measures were taken against him in order to restrict his activity. He was treated well - his prison was a nice house. The earth is stationary. Moving earth = no atmosphere.

[1Joyeux]

@sharbel23 Ever heard of the Roman Inquisition? Under that, the Holy See (sanctioned by the Roman Catholic Church) charged some astronomers, such as Giordano Bruno, guilty of heresy for pantheism.

Galileo was persecuted by the Church. "To assert that the earth revolves around the sun is as erroneous as to claim that Jesus was not born of a virgin."

Cardinal Bellarmine, during the trial of Galileo, 1615

[1Joyeux]

@YamiPoyo Recorded human history is only a few thousand years old. It takes much longer to notice it.

[WillowFox]

Awesome!



[MegizCrazY]

@WillowFox there accuatly is one!!! its called teachertube

[iamgig9876]

@sharbel23 lol dark matter, exists and it is mainly the matter which we cannot observe.. it also makes up all the matter that is too far away to see, what you say is that dark matter is the dark part of space.. which would make dark matter, not 83% of the universe but 99.999999999999999999999999999­99999999999999999999%... There is no such thing as ether....CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3... neutrinos are dark matter not fucking retarded ether lol