1859

Coca was first introduced to Europe in the 16th century, but did not become popular until the mid-19th century, with the publication of an influential paper by Dr. Paolo Mantegazza praising its stimulating effects on cognition. This led to invention of cocawine and the first production of pure cocaine. Cocawine (of which Vin Mariani was the best-known brand) and other coca-containing preparations were widely sold as patent medicines and tonics, with claims of a wide variety of health benefits. The original version of Coca-cola was among these.
Traditional medical uses of coca are foremost as a stimulant to overcome fatigue, hunger, and thirst. It is considered particularly effective against altitude sickness. It also is used as an anesthetic to alleviate the pain of headache, rheumatism, wounds and sores, etc. Before stronger anaesthetics were available, it also was used for broken bones, childbirth, and during trephining operations on the skull. Because cocaine constricts blood vessels, the action of coca also serves to oppose bleeding, and coca seeds were used for nosebleeds. Indigenous use of coca has also been reported as a treatment for malaria, ulcers, asthma, to improve digestion, to guard against bowel laxity, as an aphrodisiac, and credited with improving longevity.
Modern studies have supported a number of these medical applications.
Coca has also been a vital part of the religious cosmology of the Andean peoples of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and northern Argentina and Chile from the pre-Inca period through the present. They follow the making and worship the coca beans when they are ready. Coca leaves play a crucial part in offerings to the apus (mountains), Inti (the sun), or Pachamama (the earth).
Traditionally, coca leaves are prepared either as a chew or as a tea (mate de coca).
Although coca leaf chewing is common only among the indigenous populations, the consumption of coca tea (Mate de coca) is common among all sectors of society in the Andean countries, and is widely held to be beneficial to health, particularly in the high altitudes. Coca leaf is sold packaged into teabags in most grocery stores in the region, and establishments that cater to tourists generally feature coca tea.

Die Heimat des Cocastrauches liegt an den Osthängen der Anden von Peru, Bolivien bis Kolumbien. Hier wächst der Cocastrauch in Höhen zwischen 300 und 2000 m ü.d.M.
1859 gelang es Albert Niemann, Kokain aus den Pflanzen zu isolieren und dieses als schmerzbetäubendes Medikament zu gebrauchen. Kokain wurde im 20. Jahrhundert zu einer verbreiteten Droge.
Ursprünglich war die berauschende Wirkung des Cocas Mittel zur Aufnahme von Kontakt mit übersinnlichen Mächten. Außerdem wurde es schon von den Indianern als schmerzheilendes Medikament genutzt.

Das Betäubungsmittelgesetz (BtMG), ehemals Opiumgesetz (siehe unten), ist ein deutsches Bundesgesetz, das den generellen Umgang mit Betäubungsmitteln regelt. Welche Stoffe vom Betäubungsmittelgesetz erfasst werden, lässt sich nicht dem Gesetz entnehmen, sondern den Anlagen zu diesem Gesetz (§ 1 Abs. 1 BtMG). Das BtMG enthält drei Anlagen:

a-Anlage I erfasst die nicht verkehrsfähigen Betäubungsmittel, (Handel und Abgabe verboten, etwa LSD),
b- Anlage II die verkehrsfähigen, aber nicht verschreibungsfähigen Betäubungsmittel (Handel erlaubt, Abgabe verboten, etwa Ausgangsstoffe wie Cocablätter) und
c- Anlage III die verkehrsfähigen und verschreibungsfähigen Betäubungsmittel (Abgabe nach BtMVV, etwa Morphin).

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• 1859

[KOmaSHOOTER]

Maby the people were forced to use Coca instead Cannabis