"Before the Big Bang?" (2005), the original lecture by Roger Penrose (part 2 of 9)

"Before the Big Bang? A new perspective on the Weyl curvature hypothesis"

This is the original lecture by Roger Penrose on his fascinating new model of the universe, its origin and future, and of the "Big Bang"; held at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences (November 7th 2005).

Originally published at http://www.newton.ac.uk/webseminars/pg+ws/2005/gmr/gmrw04/1107/penrose/index....

See also http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghbDGBOYp1g and http://www.perimeterinstitute.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&a... for other lectures by Penrose on this theory.

See also http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEIj9zcLzp0 for an interview with Roger Penrose on his new model.

See also http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/e06/PAPERS/THESPA01.PDF for Penrose's academic article about his theory.

See also http://arxiv.org/pdf/0710.3879v2 for an article about Penrose's "Before the Big Bang" idea, verifying that some of Penrose's basic predictions are mathematically correct.

NOTE TO THOSE POSTING COMMENTS ON THESE VIDEOS: Please stay focused on the topic. All irrelevant comments will be removed without warning.

SUMMARY:

There is now a great deal of evidence confirming the existence of a very hot and dense early stage of the universe. Much of this data comes from a detailed study of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)—radiation from the early universe that was most recently measured by NASA's WMAP satellite. But the information presents new puzzles for scientists. One of the most blatant examples is an apparent paradox related to the second law of thermodynamics. Although some have argued that the hypothesis of inflationary cosmology solves some of the puzzles, profound issues remain. In this talk, Professor Penrose will describe a very different proposal, one that suggests a succession of universes prior to our own.

Sir Roger Penrose is a highly distinguished mathematician and theoretical physicist. He is currently emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at Oxford University. His research interests span many aspects of geometry, having made contributions to the theory of non-periodic tilings (Penrose tilings), to general relativity theory and quantum foundations. He has also had remarkable insights in the science of consciousness. His main research programme is to develop the theory of twistors, which he originated over 30 years ago as an attempt to unite Einstein's theory of general relativity with quantum mechanics.

In 1994 Professor Penrose was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his service to science. He has received numerous prizes and awards, including the 1988 Wolf Prize, which he shared with Stephen Hawking for their understanding of the universe, the Dannie Heinemann Prize, the Royal Society Royal Medal, the Dirac Medal and the Albert Einstein prize to name a few.

Penrose is a prominent lecturer and author. His 1989 book The Emperor's New Mind became a best seller and won the 1990 (now Rhone-Poulenc) Science Book Prize. His latest books are Shadows of the Mind (1994), The Nature of Space and Time (1996) with Stephen Hawking, The Large, the Small and the Human Mind (1997) and Road to Reality (2004).

Additional tags: "Big Bang" "Roger Penrose" "Oxford University" "Newton Institute" physics cosmology astrophysics "quantum mechanics" "quantum cosmology" mathematics "cyclical model" "maximum entropy" entropy theory universe origin past future "big crunch" cosmos "space-time geometry" "phase-space" inflation thermodynamics "second law of thermodynamics" "thermal equilibrium" "black body spectrum" "cosmic background spectrum" "cosmic microwave background temperature" "dark energy" "positive cosmological constant" "dark matter" "black hole" singularity "time asymmetry" "quantum gravity" "principle of equivalence" "space-time curvature" "Weyl curvature" "Ricci curvature" Riemann astigmatism thermalization "pre-Big-Bang" "horizon problem" "inflationary cosmology" "standard cosmology" "spherical symmetry" "Minkowski space" "Hawking radiation" "Hawking Black-Hole evaporation" "conformal geometry" "conformal rescaling" "Weyl conformal tensor" "conformal invariance" "Einstein cylinder" "gravitational free field"

Category:

Science & Technology

Tags:

• physics
• cosmology
• astrophysics
• quantum mechanics
• quantum cosmology
• mathematics
• maximum entropy
• space-time geometry
• phase-space
• inflation
• thermodynamics
• thermal equilibrium
• dark energy
• black hole
• singularity
• time asymmetry
• quantum gravity
• equivalence
• space-time curvature
• astigmatism
• thermalization
• spherical symmetry
• Minkowski space
• conformal geometry
• gravitational free field

[RyuDarragh]

Niiii.. I would not characterize it as randomness. 2cnd law states that entropy increases with time and entropy is ability to extract work from differences in a given volume of space. In otherwords, the space becomes more uniform with time. Even in a world of 1 billion degrees, if there's no place hotter or colder, you can't find a difference to convert into usable work.

[ImperatorAquila]

Isn't randomness what maximum entropy is? In less entropic cosmic states like today, matter/energy are not randomly allocated, rather like discrete spacetime sinks, if you like. If entropy increases to a maximum, the cosmos reaches thermal equilibrium, which is nothing but a completely random (= equal) allocation of energy. No matter where you look, it's all the same. That's what's interesting in Penrose's theory: the "where" (and the "when") lose all meaning in a thermal cosmic equilibrium.

[canadianwolf1000]

Wow, these guys can give a simple answer to the question, "life before the big bang"? A simple "hell I have no cluse" would suffice.

[lovelplants]

i like the lecture, even though i didn't see the lecturer and where he pointing out his lecture. but i love the demonstration about the entropy.

[sandustanBrasov]

SandustanBrasov

And yet, we can see, we can visualize the ethereal matter. The scheme to one device for to visualize the ethereal matter: EXIST! And this device it can realize!

My e-mail: s.stan65@yahoo.com

You Tube: sandustanBrasov’s Channel

 Dark energy is the ethereal energy and this can be harness it!

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

The matter of the our terrestrial globe has four states of aggregation: solid, liquid, gseous and ethereal and not three after official science. The matter on which we see it, proceed from the ethereal matter, which from cancentration in concentration it had constituted in the electrons, in protons respectivel;y in the atoms of the chemical elements which had overtaken at the gaseous, liquid and solid state. All the matter on which we see it, is condensed ether.

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

The ELECTRON is not an exclusive electrical load, but an elementary particle from the composition of any atom, and is only a particle with intermediate role in the unfolding of the electrical phenomenons. The REAL ELECTRCAL LOAD is a particle of electrical ether more nore small than the electron, has and she a personal and rapid rotation, producing a personal magnetic field, which it gear with the magnetic field from the round of one electrical conductor.

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

The PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL MATTER is the visible matter with free eye and is constituted from atoms of the chemical elements. The PHYSICAL-ETHEREAL MATTER is a matter with atoms more small with 7..8 order of dimension than the atoms of chemical elements, and the bodies formed from this matter are invisible for the human eye. The ETHEREAL PHYSICS it occupy with the study of the ethereal matters, but which was abandoned in the XX century, because in 1905 A.Einstein excludes the ether

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov But the ETHER is a physical reality constituted from a very small matter, invisible for human eye, and is formed from atoms more small with 7...8 order of dimension than the atoms of the chemical elements. The matter of the ether penetrate in all the visible bodies and is the physical matter which fills both the interplanetary space and the interatomic space. The ether is a matter with mass and weigth, being subdued and she the action of the universal attraction law.

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

The science has and history. In the Fundamental Principle of Democrit(470..380BC) it show:"From nothing nothing's born, nothing that exist can not be destroyed and any transformation consist from a reunion and separation...Out of atoms and ether. all rest is not otherwise than rationament and not exist...The spirit as well as the ether consist of a small and spherical atoms, very mobile, atoms that their movement form the phenomenon of life".

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

Through the relativity theory to Einstein of over century, it hold with strenght -as a conspiracy a general activity of intellectual stultify of the planetary population. from relativity theory proceed the notion of: singularity, Big bang, black holes and holes of worm. From 1905 and till now in 2011, the disciples of the Einstein, preach with contumely as scientific elements of high class these theoretical confusions, these absurdities from which they had made a business.

[sandustanBrasov]

• SandustanBrasov

It popularize the fantastical theories and stantardized theories with which it terrorize the inhabitants the Earth, after what Einstein with relativity theory had blocked the science of the century XX. Sptephen Hawking and Roger Penrose had demonstrated in 1967 that the black holes proceed from the relativity theory.How it can conceive and it can say that the heart of the one black hole is a gravitational singularity whose volume tend to zero and whose mass tend to infinite?