Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun in our Solar System. Named for the Roman god of the sea, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third-largest by mass. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 Earth masses and not as dense. On average, Neptune orbits the Sun at a distance of 30.1 AU, approximately 30 times the Earth-Sun distance. Its astronomical symbol is , a stylized version of the god Neptune's trident.
Discovered on September 23, 1846, Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier, and its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining 12 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century. Neptune has been visited by only one spacecraft, Voyager 2, which flew by the planet on August 25, 1989.
Neptune has 13 known moons. The largest by far is Triton, discovered by William Lassell just 17 days after the discovery of Neptune itself. It took about one hundred years to discover the second natural satellite, Nereid. Triton is massive enough to have achieved hydrostatic equilibrium, and would be considered a dwarf planet if it were in direct orbit about the Sun. Triton has a very unusual orbit that is circular but retrograde and inclined. Inward of Triton are six regular satellites, which all have prograde orbits that are not greatly inclined with respect to Neptune's equatorial plane. Some of these orbit among Neptune's rings.
Neptune also has six outer irregular satellites, including Nereid, whose orbits are much farther from Neptune, have high inclinations, and are mixed between prograde and retrograde. Two natural satellites discovered in 2002 and 2003, Psamathe and Neso, have the largest orbits of any natural satellites discovered in the Solar system to date. They take 25 years to orbit Neptune at an average of 125 times the distance between Earth and the Moon. Neptune has the largest Hill sphere in the solar system, owing primarily to its large distance from the Sun; this allows it to retain control of such distant moons.
Neptune's moons are named for aquatic personages in Greek and Roman mythology, many of them after Nereids, in keeping with Neptune's position as god of the sea.
Triton was discovered by William Lassell in 1846, seventeen days after Neptune was discovered. Nereid was discovered by Gerard P. Kuiper in 1949. In 1981 Larissa was first observed by Harold J. Reitsema, William B. Hubbard, Larry A. Lebofsky and David J. Thole.
No further moons were found until Voyager 2 flew by Neptune in 1989. Voyager 2 recovered Larissa and discovered five new inner moons, bringing the total of known moons of Neptune to eight.
In 2002 and 2003 telescopic surveys found five additional outer moons from Earth observatories bring the total to thirteen. The five new outer moons are Halimede, Sao, Psamathe, Laomedeia, and Neso.
Nice video, great song, Thx
voxdeihn 1 year ago 2
@voxdeihn you welcome...glad you enjoyed it
KurdstanPlanetarium 1 year ago