Lighting a South African traditional coal-burning mbaula ignited using the standard "bottom-lit up-draft" (BLUD) method. This stove is widely used in the highveld region, almost always with coal. Some mbaulas are fuelled with wood.
The general description is a 20 or 25 litre drum bisected with a wire grate, perforated above and below. Research indicates that the size and number of holes strongly affects emissions of gases and particulate matter (primarily CO, H2S and PM2.5).
The mbaula represents the baseline cooking and space heating stove in the peri-urban townships in the highveld region around Gauteng (Johannesburn/Pretoria).
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