Probablity

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The probability of an event (see sample space) is a number lying in the interval 0≤p≤1, with 0 corresponding to an event that never occurs and 1 to an event that is certain to occur. For an experiment with N equally likely outcomes the probability of an event A is n/N, where n is the number of outcomes in which the event A occurs. For some experiments, such as throwing a drawing pin and seeing whether it lands point up, there is no possible set of equally likely outcomes. In the 'frequentist' view of probability, the probability of getting 'point up' is the limit, in some sense, of the relative frequency as the number of experiments tends to infinity. In the context of Bayesian inference, each observer has his or her own a priori distribution for the probability, which is then modified a posteriori in the light of whatever results have been obtained

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