This demonstrates one type of Maglev train, the kind lifted by induced current repulsion in a conductive track. Only usually the track stays still and the magnets move fast. It's related to superconductor levitation, but done with high speed motion.
The pipes are several pounds each, thick-walled "schedule-80" copper from the scrap bin at Alaskan Copper and Brass in Seattle. Shaft pins were cryo-fit and turned on a lathe to mate with 1" ballbearing races. The motor is an AC/DC replacement 5000rpm sewing machine motor from WW Grainger catalog. Speed control is a 1000-watt triac lamp dimmer.
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Just a thought... Moving copper through a magnetic field creates electricity. what would happen if you put magnets inside the pipe and rotated them at high speed.
I'm planning to do this as a demonstration of Lenz's law at my school's technology fair, does anyone have tips on how to optimize this effect?
Would the length, thickness, or diameter of the pipe affect how fast it needs to spin? Do the pipes need high torque with their high speed? Where can I find plastic to make shields like that?
If anyone can answer any of the above questions or any ideas on how to improve the demo in the video, please reply!
Read the website? It would be improved by nonmagnetic ball bearings. The copper needs to be solid rods or extremely thickwall tubes, but they don't need to be 12" long.
Perform dynamic balancing of the bars to make it much quieter.
With a faster, larger motor you could use aluminum instead of copper.
If you used a lathe to carve a shallow ring out of one or both tubes, magnets might stop at that missing ring of metal and hover without sliding off endwise.
Buy 1/16 acrylic scraps at Tap Plastics, or a glass window shop, or check yellow pages. Motor torque is important, and a smaller motor won't work (hovering magnets slow down the RPM too much)
There might be an improved pulley-ratio that gives higher levitation. I just stuck a random pulley on the motor. Try 20% larger or smaller pulley diameter. The goal is to match the mechanical impedance (torque/RPM) of the levitator to that small feeble motor.
thanks for the tips, but I have one further question. I was going over this with my friends in class today, and we came up with a crazy idea that might just work.
What would happen if a soft iron core was put inside the spinning copper tubes?
That should boost the magnetic field many times over and lessen the need for the dangerously high speeds or thick copper tubes. Do you think it could work?
It's an AC effect, so you'd want to use powdered iron or ferrite, to prevent eddy currents from shielding the interior from the changing fields.
So... a thin copper pipe filled with iron powder, that might work as well as a thick copper pipe. But also the magnet is attracted to the iron, so I don't know.
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Would the length, thickness, or diameter of the pipe affect how fast it needs to spin? Do the pipes need high torque with their high speed? Where can I find plastic to make shields like that?
If anyone can answer any of the above questions or any ideas on how to improve the demo in the video, please reply!
Read the website? It would be improved by nonmagnetic ball bearings. The copper needs to be solid rods or extremely thickwall tubes, but they don't need to be 12" long.
Perform dynamic balancing of the bars to make it much quieter.
With a faster, larger motor you could use aluminum instead of copper.
If you used a lathe to carve a shallow ring out of one or both tubes, magnets might stop at that missing ring of metal and hover without sliding off endwise.
There might be an improved pulley-ratio that gives higher levitation. I just stuck a random pulley on the motor. Try 20% larger or smaller pulley diameter. The goal is to match the mechanical impedance (torque/RPM) of the levitator to that small feeble motor.
What would happen if a soft iron core was put inside the spinning copper tubes?
That should boost the magnetic field many times over and lessen the need for the dangerously high speeds or thick copper tubes. Do you think it could work?
It's an AC effect, so you'd want to use powdered iron or ferrite, to prevent eddy currents from shielding the interior from the changing fields.
So... a thin copper pipe filled with iron powder, that might work as well as a thick copper pipe. But also the magnet is attracted to the iron, so I don't know.