Tangible Functional Programming

Google Tech Talks
November, 7 2007

ABSTRACT

We present a user-friendly approach to unifying program creation and execution, based on a notion of "tangible values" (TVs), which are visual and interactive manifestations of pure values, including functions. Programming happens by gestural composition of TVs. Our goal is to give end-users the ability to create parameterized, composable content without imposing the usual abstract and linguistic working style of programmers. We hope that such a system will put the essence of programming into the hands of many more people, and in particular people with artistic/visual creative style.

In realizing this vision, we develop algebras for visual presentation and for "deep" function application, where function and argument may both be nested within a structure of tuples, functions, etc. Composition gestures are translated into chains of combinators that act simultaneously on statically typed values and their visualizations.


Speaker: Conal Elliott
Most of my research is aimed at supporting the creation of interactive synthetic media content, including computer animation, human-computer interaction, images, 2D and 3D geometry, and programmable shaders. In all cases, I aim to preserve or improve on the flexibility and performance of mainstream programming approaches, while greatly simplifying the creation process.

Synthetic media programs are almost always implemented in sequential, imperative (often object-oriented) languages. My research explores use of declarative languages, resulting in much simpler and more reusable and composable programs. These languages are also more amenable to execution on parallel architectures such as modern graphics processors, because declarative languages abstract away from order of execution, removing the accidental sequentiality found in imperative programs. Even on sequential machines, declarative formulations have much simpler mathematical semantics, which facilitates automatic optimization. They also tend to be spatially and temporally continuous (resolution-independent), allowing them to adapt naturally to machines with different speeds and display resolutions.

After exploring explicit programming of synthetic media content for several years, I'm now also keenly interested in supporting artists. The goal of my new new research agenda is to give artists access to the expressive power of computers and programming languages, while retaining an artist's working style. I mean "artist" in a broad sense, in contrast to the verbal and sequential style of an engineer. (I don't mean to suggest that people fit neatly into these two categories.) My ideal audience includes graphic designers, musicians, and children -- really, the playful and curious in all of us.

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[xiscorq]

You didn't get it, man

[audiocreator]

thats some straight forward awesomeness right there

[Kaidelong]

@grawful I think the whole point here was to divorce "function" from "form". Look at "type TV a = (Out a, a)". An arbitrary value of type "Out a" can be used to visualize the actual underlying value of type "a". The idea here would be that, since function and form are "loosely coupled" you could easily switch around the form without changing the underlying meaning, or function, of the tangible value. For example, a text input, a dial, or a slider bar could represent a number.

[dj4lch3mi9]

Extensions and Applications of Higher-order Unification <= You are as smart as your best work ... Logic ... I'm right now on the first order logic ... It is a pleasure to meet somebody wiser than I ... even virtually :D

[ttthttpd]

Isn't Blender's compositor like this? Except on a smaller domain and easier to use.

[Semasiographologist]

Brilliant!

Scope for imagining imaging.

Way semasiographic.

Art Scott -- Artist, Semasiographologist

[blytqb]

The first part is a good and clean summary about some key concepts of programming.

[mitothechon]

He doesn't work for Google, so this has nothing to do with management.

[grawful]

this dude is totally talking out of his rear. this is management's answer to trying to understand programming ideas by abstracting away already known programming concepts and encapsulating them into their own simplified terminology. he wants the audience to believe that function dictates form when in fact they are two separate entities.