The long awaited new cultural institution of Budapest and Hungary, the Palace of Arts, was opened in 2005. This was one of the most prestigious celebrations of the past hundred years in Hungary's cultural history, since this conglomeration of cultural buildings has no precedent in 20th century Hungarian architecture. The investment took place in the form of a "Public Private Partnership", in a co-operation between the Ministry of National Cultural Heritage and Trigránit Development Corporation. The principal contractor, Arcadom Construction Ltd and the planning Zoboki, Demeter and Partners Architectural Office, developed the institution's programmes and details in collaboration with numerous associate planners and specialist consultants.
The creators of this institute, which is unparalleled in Central Europe, were inspired by the concept of creating a new European cultural citadel as part of the new Millennium City Centre of Budapest, close the Danube bank which features on the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is an ambitious goal, but everything is present at the Palace of Arts to achieve it: grand spaces, the most modern technology, and above all, a unique concentration of efforts which brings all the branches of art together in a single venue.
The National Theatre
The construction of the National Theatre, on the basis of plans by architect Mária Siklós, began on 14 September 2000, and, after a construction process of record-breaking speed, was completed in a little over 15 months. The artists were able to take possession of the building on 2 January 2002, when rehearsals began for the inaugural performance on 15 March. In functional terms, the theatre is divided into three parts. The central part comprises the auditorium, with an almost circular ground-plan, and the studio theatre. This part is surrounded by the areas for audience members, and the U-shaped technical wing bordering the main stage. The theatre is surrounded by areas for parking. Together with the open-air stage, the area of the theatre is 20,844 square metres.
Landscape gardener Péter Török is the artist who dreamed up the theatres exterior surroundings - the garden and the integral statue park. These represent a continuation of the National Theatre into the exterior space: the theatre does not end at the walls of the building. Rather, with the help of theatrical history, not to mention that of architecture and the landscape garden, the various items of scenery placed in particular points of the park even if inside a mound all evoke dramatic moments on stage, and the world of theatre in general.
The statues on the buildings façade were built to designs by Imre Schrammel. The statues of the nine muses above the main entrance are the work of sculptor Péter Raab Párkányi, while the fourteen reliefs are by László Marton. The reliefs depict the following greats of Hungarian theatre: Zoltán Makláry, Lajos Őze, Erzsi Somogyi, János Rajz, György Kálmán, József Bihari, Erzsi Pártos, Sándor Pécsi, Miklós Gábor, Antal Páger, Mária Sulyok, Elma Bulla, Kamill Feleki and Margit Dajka.
The area in front of the theatres main entrance stretches like a ship into an artificially constructed expanse of water water that can interpreted as an extension of the Danube. The entrance can be reached via a pontoon-bridge, the equivalent of the ramp with two rails found in large traditional theatres.
The parks gate statue was designed by sculptor Miklós Melocco, and on it the figures of Klári Tolnay and Zoltán Latinovics welcome theatregoers.
There are full statues of the following actors, each captured in a legendary role: Hilda Gobbi, Manyi Kiss, Éva Ruttkai, Kálmán Latabár, József Timár, Tamás Major, Imre Sinkovics, Margit Lukács, Lajos Básti and Imre Soós. They are the work of sculptors István Bencsik, László Marton, Sándor Kligl and Péter Raab Párkányi.
The silhouette of the upper façade of the old National Theatre at Blaha Lujza square can be seen lying in the water in front of the ships bow. The side of the building facing the Danube is of colourful limestone, evoking a redstone desert, and decorated with spiritual constructions.
One of the riverside parks constructions is a labyrinth of hedges trimmed to human height. The other is a ziggurat, which can be interpreted as a distant reference to the Tower of Babel or the sun pyramids of the Maya. After climbing the spiral-shaped path to the top of the pyramid, the visitor is greeted by a pair of royal thrones. The seven rooms inside evoke Duke Bluebeards Castle. Leaving the building, we find ourselves in a little viridarium designed in Renaissance style. A sycamore allée of subtle proportions runs between the labyrinth and the ziggurat, the shade of its foliage circumscribing the buildings with a trellis effect. As intended by its designers, this unusual area also acts as a public city park.
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Gobbi Hilda - Parodia..by refiemma5,878 views
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