mitosis

Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets in two nuclei. It is generally followed immediately by cytokinesis, which divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of the cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell. This accounts for approximately 10% of the cell cycle.

Mitosis occurs exclusively in eukaryotic cells, but the process varies in different species. For example, animals undergo an "open" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi such as Aspergillus nidulans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) undergo a "closed" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus.[1] Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a process called binary fission.

The process of mitosis is complex and highly regulated. The sequence of events is divided into phases, corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are interphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During mitosis the pairs of chromosomes condense and attach to fibers that pull the sister chromatids to opposite sides of the cell. The cell then divides in cytokinesis, to produce two identical daughter cells.[2]

Because cytokinesis usually occurs in conjunction with mitosis, "mitosis" is often used interchangeably with "mitotic phase". However, there are many cells where mitosis and cytokinesis occur separately, forming single cells with multiple nuclei. This occurs most notably among the fungi and slime moulds, but is found in various different groups. Even in animals, cytokinesis and mitosis may occur independently, for instance during certain stages of fruit fly embryonic development.[3] Errors in mitosis can either kill a cell through apoptosis or cause mutations that may lead to cancer.

Category:

Education

Tags:

• mitotic
• cell
• division

[117DieHard]

why does every science vid have scary music!!!! O_o...

[789123Y]

I like these animations. It sounds so complicated in text but turns out ´to be simple when you see it happen.

[LightDarkNinja]

i love it how americans say teelophase and we in aus say tellaphase

[fitrianingsih66]

AWSOME...

Standing applause for this video. Could you tell me, how to make it???

Is there any special software for this 3D animation.

I will wait for your replied. Thanks you very much... :)

[chanisbetsy]

so ghetto

[sweetsmartie123]

I noticed the same thing

[bloodless39]

42 seconds in and I've seen 3 mistakes



[captainthomascalliga]

zelda music



[kerrie337]

@scrapbook11

S-phase (synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase

[drpablomorgan]

@scrapbook11 during interfase