Khayyam, خيام ♥♥♥ PART 3

Omar Khayyam, عمر خیام (born 1048 AD, Neyshapur, Iran —1131 AD, Neyshapur, Iran), was a Persian polymath, mathematician, philosopher, astronomer, physician, and poet. He also wrote treatises on mechanics, geography, and music. Mathematician - Omar Khayyám was famous during his times as a mathematician. He wrote the influential Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra (the year of 1070), which laid down the principles of algebra, part of the body of Persian Mathematics that was eventually transmitted to Europe. In particular, he derived general methods for solving cubic equations and even some higher orders. In the Treatise he also wrote on the triangular array of binomial coefficients known as Pascal's triangle. In 1077, Omar wrote Sharh ma ashkala min musadarat kitab Uqlidis (Explanations of the Difficulties in the Postulates of Euclid) published in English as "On the Difficulties of Euclid's Definitions". An important part of the book is concerned with Euclid's famous parallel postulate, which had also attracted the interest of Thabit ibn Qurra. Al-Haytham had previously attempted a demonstration of the postulate; Omar's attempt was a distinct advance, and his criticisms made their way to Europe, and may have contributed to the eventual development of non-Euclidean geometry.

Omar Khayyám also had other notable work in geometry, specifically on the theory of proportions.
Khayyám wrote a book entitled Explanations of the difficulties in the postulates in Euclid's Elements. The book consists of several sections on the parallel postulate (Book I), on the Euclidean definition of ratios and the Anthyphairetic ratio (modern continued fractions) (Book II), and on the multiplication of ratios (Book III).

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[pegah8400]

love it

[Dabestani09]

@lapland100 In medieval Islamic sources there is also a "fictional" and popular etymology of the words as "lines of lab". In this popular etymology "Lab" is a certain son of Idris (=Enoch). This etymology is mentioned by a 10th century scientist called al-Qummi but rejected by al-Khwarizmi King (1981:45) wikipedia

All the messages were to explain your point of view in a more scientific way :)

[Dabestani09]

@lapland100 At the same time it was used by Iranian scientist which means it should have been under development in Iran, too. Based on Khayam's professional use of the instrument there should have been appropriate knowledge of ostorlab in Iran, which means he did not get much information from beyond the borders... Anyway, if he did, find and name the teacher and books that he used.

By the way, Ostorlab can be arabization of the word : setarehyab

[Dabestani09]

@lapland100 بسیاری از منابع تاریخی اختراع اسطرلاب را به هیپارخوس نسبت می‌دهند اما به نظر می‌رسد ایزارهای مشابه با توانایی‌های مختلف در بین ستاره‌شناسان آشور و بابل رایج بوده و نمونه‌های یونانی نتیجه تکمیل این ابزارها بوده‌است. از اسطرلاب‌های یونانی نمونه‌ای در دست نیست.

In English wiki most the names are Iranian scientist name and finally it is called greek instrument! Apparantly, the instrument was created in ashur and babylonia (and probably in shusha as well) and then developed in greece

[tosan1]

مستند بسیار خوبی بود و لذت بردم، اما متوجه نشدم منظور از "عرفان زمینی" چی هست؟؟

[lapland100]

hamishe mikhan hame chiz o be yoonan o gharb rabt bedan, che eetemad be nafsi....