The Opera of Cheo is a dramatic genre with deep popular roots. Traditionally, cheo was composed orally by anonymous authors. Today's playwrights compose cheo operas along traditional lines. The characters in the plays sing time-tested popular melodies with words suited to modern circumstances. At present Cheo opera is an integral part of Vietnamese theatre and is well liked by people in both the country and in towns, and by foreign spectators as well.
The buffoon is a common character in Cheo opera, in which there is often a blend of the tragic and the comic. He speaks the language of the people and shoots shafts of satire at evil-doers, such as ignorant witchdoctors, greedy landlords, or arrogant mandarins. He may wear a short coat, the garment of the commoner or a long robe, an article of clothing favoured by members of the upper classes in the old society. A couple of buffoons may appear on stage, including the master in a flowing gown and his servant in a short coat and carrying a stick, each speaking the language and behaving the ways of his class. The buffoon might make his entry right at the beginning of a play, carrying a torch or a megaphone and provoking wild laughter from the audience.
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