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simple balancing analog robot

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Uploaded by on Feb 14, 2007

This is a single chip balancing robot based off of a 555 timer and a servo modified for continuous roation. It uses 2 photo resistors for the sensor and has a simple proportional/derivative input.

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Uploader Comments (roboanalogtom)

  • Cool stuff! Are you using op-amps to calculate the derivative?

  • Nope! The derivative was calculated using a single capacitor. The 555 timer controls the pulses needed for the servo. The photocells are the sensor input. Between the photocells and the 555 timer input is a resistor and capacitor in parallel (15K ohm, .1 or .2 uF) that is used for proportional (resistor) control and derivative (capacitor) control.

    A wide range of PD controllers can be made with just a simple resistor and capacitor at the input to a PWM.

  • Just curious, what did you use to sense the inclination?

  • Cheap photocells were used. There's a light above the robot and that's the only reference. The photocells provide both proportional and derivative (through a capacitor) information. You must use derivative information to make the system stable.

  • D'oh, the email is:

    tom ((at) newschooltech ((dot) com

  • Yes, only a 555 timer was used. It's set up as a pulse generator and those pulses control the actions of a servo modified for continuous rotation. A modified servo is a full proportional bi-directional device.

    The 555 timer is used as a crude but highly functinal PID controller (only PD was used in this robot). You can email me at:

    tom ((at) newschooltch ((dot) com

    and I'll email you an article on how to build this robot with schematics.

Top Comments

  • God! I knew the 555 timer was usefull but this is by far the coolest project iv'e seen!

    Hail to you!!!

  • Great job, that really took some creative thinking. I love seeing analog circuits put together instead of slapping a microcontroller on everything.

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All Comments (11)

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  • so cool.

    it seems that analog is really useful. Not all workable things are digital.

  • Very nice. There is so much I don't know about this stuff. I didn't know you could do this with photocells. I'd love to get the article/info on how to build this if you still have it. Nice job. 

  • hey, very cool robot. do you have the schematic or any documentation?

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