Long-term follow-up for children who have undergone in utero LUTO surgery involves outpatient clinic visits with urology and nephrology, typically every three months for the first year of life, and regularly thereafter to monitor for kidney infections, renal insufficiency and bladder dysfunction.
Limited long-term outcome studies following prenatal LUTO surgery are promising: - these pregnancies deliver on average at 35 weeks gestation;
- only a third of the children went on to have complications resulting in end-stage renal disease and transplant; and - two-thirds were able to spontaneously void without the need for catheterization.
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