Carnot and the Second Law: What he Discovered and ... (Bernard H Lavenda)- PART 2

Carnot, more than any other individual, can be accredited with the foundation of thermodynamics. His theory of engine cycles can neither be surpassed---nor avoide---in deriving the second law. While still a believer of the caloric theory of heat, his theory stands even when the caloric theory falls. Although we follow Clausius's formulation of the first and second laws, it is highly probable that Carnot would have accepted the second law, while relegating irreversibility to the first law in which the criterion for the accessibility of states is dictated by the increase in the internal energy

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