ERITREA - ERITREAN HISTORY - PART 1

Eritrean history part 2 - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v249alOhs5A


=====================
GASH GROUP 3,500

A "complex society" of pastoral people, who lived
from the Gash (Mareb) River to the Red Sea hill
and coast of Eritrea took rise in 3,500 B.C. Based
on archaeological evidence, the Gash people held
extensive trades and contacts with Ancient Egypt,
Nubia and the Arabian Peninsula.

SOURCE:
The development of urbanism in the northern Horn of
Africa in ancient and medieval times by Rodolo Rattovich
P. 4
==============

LAND OF PUNT in ERITREA


In around 2490 2477 BC, the earliest the first
definite record of contact with Land of Punt was
found on a Palermo stone of the reign of Sahura
of the Fifth Dynasty. The Land of Punt to the
ancient Egyptions was often referred to as
Ta netjer, which means, the "land of the god".
Punt was known for producing and exporting Gold,
African blackwood, ebony, ivory, wild animals,
frankincense and aromatic resins.

Sources:
Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt
By Kathryn A. Bard, Steven Blake Shubert. P. 637



Although the exact location of Punt is still uncertain,
most scholars today do however agree that Punt was
located in much of Eritrea and eastern Sudan. In fact,
evidence confirms that an interchange circuit between
Ancient Egypt and modern Eritrea did take place. At
Agordat in the middle Barka valley of Eritrea, an
Egyption Style,Ceramic ear-plug and some stone
celts which imitate bronze prototypes of the 17-18th
dynasties of Egypt have been excavated that date
between mid-second millennium BC. On the Eritrean
coast at Adulis, two fragments of glass vessels typical
the New Kingdom of Egypt have been found in a level
dating to the late second millennium BC.

Source:
Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt By Kathryn A.
, Steven Blake Shubert. P. 637

====================

FIRST KNOWN INHABITANTS


One of the first inhabitants of Eritrea are the
Kunama and Nara. They came from the southern
Nile vally and settled in the southwest lowlands
and expanded into the interior of the country.

Roy Pateman, "Eritrea - Even the Stones are Burning". p.31



But according to Kunama elders, they came from
the north, east, and south. Hence they are a
mixed people, which is how they received their
name, "Koa" meaning people and "Nama"
meaning blended.




Around 2,000 B.C. early Beja pastoral people
from southern Egypt and Northern Sudan entered
the Barka Valley and northern highlands of Eritrea.
Moving the first wave of Kunama and Nara people
southwards.

Source:
Dictionary of Languages By Andrew Dalby p.81;
Roy Pateman, "Eritrea - Even the Stones are Burning". p.31



The Bejas are believed to have existed since
4,000 B.C. Paintings in Ancient Egyptian tombs
show Bejas with the same distinct hairstyle
called the "Tiffa" as early as the 12th Dynasty.

Source:
Beja pastoralist from 12th Dynasty Tomb Mier.
From the book A Modern History of the Sudan,
P.M. Holt, 1961


According to C.G. Seligman and A. Paul, the Beja
People are a modern link to the ancient Egyptians.
Sir E.A. Wallis Budge believes that the Beja languages
of Eritrea and Eastern Sudan were the best ones to
study in order to learn ancient Egyptian language.

Paul, A. A History of The Beja Tribes of the Sudan.
Source 1:
London: Frank Cass and Co., Ltd., 1971.

Source 2:
Seligman, C.G. Races of Africa. Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 1978.

====================

ONA SITE - EARLY ASMARA SETTLEMENTS




From 800 BC and 400 BC, the highlands around
Asmara supported the oldest settled pastoral
and agricultural community known in the Horn
of Africa: an indigenous culture.



The settlement's inhabitants lived in stone houses
ate cows, goats, drank beer, farmed fertile land and
wore animal skins. Tools for tanning and for
softening hides have been discovered, along with
needles, stone implements for punching leather,
and bronze.

These permanent villages and towns around
Asmara predate, and were also contemporaneous
with, even the pre-Aksumite settlements in
the highlands of southern and northern Ethiopia.




"Dating back as 800 BC, it is they [Early Asmara
settlements] - not sites in Arabia - that were
the vital precursors to urban developments in
the southern highlands of Eritrea and northern
Ethiopia later in the first millennium BC."

Prof. Richard Greenfield

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[319am1]

@sirwallaby Ancient puntites were NOT semitic speaking tigrinya

[319am1]

@sirwallaby somalis were in the ethiopia-eritrea region before moving down 2 somalia FYI

[Gimmiesomemore16]

To bad the president is acting like a dictator. What an ass....

[sirwallaby]

message to all somalians.....let it go punt=afari+saho+beja eritrea...soo easy the proof punt=eritrea they just discovered artifacts proving that.u know we love u alot but stop acting like ethiopians and claiming other ppl history, if u guys read the middle kingdom of egypt story in details u would also agree, even the racist hawas admitted that punt is in eritrea and all the middlekingdom dynasties are kin to them.

[bunce101]

@AbdiOnlineMarketer there not 'haters' just ignorant

[bunce101]

@sirwallaby land of punt is somalia you idiot, look up ancient paintings in somalia on youtube and see they paintings are similar to those found in egypt

[josevanreyes]

I'm Somali and i love eritreans 

[erythirium83]

@abedeb ethio do you mean being amhara? we are not amhara nor are we ethiopians we are Eritreans, go swim somwhere else you greedy aheya!

[HPRDF]

@AbdiOnlineMarketer northern somalia borders the TINY COUNTRY Djibouti which borders eritrea....

[AbdiOnlineMarketer]

HATERS, stop claiming the land of punt was in eritrea. In fact many archeologists and historian have located that place in modern day NORTHERN SOMALIA. HATERS