Guillain-Barré syndrome is, a polyneuropathy in which an acute infection, a flu vaccine, or sometimes,
an unknown cause, can start the process where peripheral nerves get attacked. The main form is AIDP
or "acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy". There are five other variants, but since AIDP is the main form, it's the one I touch on. The exact cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome is not known, but it is often preceded by an infectious illness such as a respiratory infection or the stomach flu. Luckily, Guillain-Barré syndrome is relatively rare, affecting only 1 or 2 people per 100,00 Thus, it is a possible side effect of being exposed to the "Swine Flu" / H1N1 virus vaccine. If the disease is caught at a very early stage, the use of plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulins can be helpful, and may restore most function. Otherwise, with the AIDP form for example, it can lead to loss of the function of the muscles of respiration, and thus, death.
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