DNA Transcription (Advanced)

Transcription is the process by which the information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein production.
Originally created for DNA Interactive ( http://www.dnai.org ).
TRANSCRIPT: The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: "DNA makes RNA makes protein" Here the process begins. Transcription factors assemble at a specific promoter region along the DNA. The length of DNA following the promoter is a gene and it contains the recipe for a protein. A mediator protein complex arrives carrying the enzyme RNA polymerase. It manoeuvres the RNA polymerase into place... inserting it with the help of other factors between the strands of the DNA double helix. The assembled collection of all these factors is referred to as the transcription initiation complex... and now it is ready to be activated. The initiation complex requires contact with activator proteins, which bind to specific sequences of DNA known as enhancer regions. These regions may be thousands of base pairs distant from the start of the gene. Contact between the activator proteins and the initiation-complex releases the copying mechanism. The RNA polymerase unzips a small portion of the DNA helix exposing the bases on each strand. Only one of the strands is copied. It acts as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule which is assembled one sub-unit at a time by matching the DNA letter code on the template strand. The sub-units can be seen here entering the enzyme through its intake hole and they are joined together to form the long messenger RNA chain snaking out of the top.

Category:

Education

Tags:

• rna polymerase
• dna instructions
• messenger rna
• central dogma
• chemical cousin
• intake hole
• genetic message
• double helix
• transcription factors
• flesh and blood
• location code
• narration
• building blocks
• molecule
• strands
• protein
• animation
• real time

[RoseSheeps]

Now working on mine too... sorry for bothering/timewasting

[DNALearningCenter]

@RoseSheeps You're not timewasting at all; we appreciate you letting us know if there is a problem! ;)

[RoseSheeps]

Looks great, but I can only access the first half - it cuts out at 0:45.

Is it broken? or is it just my computer?

[DNALearningCenter]

@RoseSheeps I just watched the video the whole way through with no errors; it sounds like a problem on your end unfortunately.

[killaonmoco]

When the zipper made contact with the activators that little thing just took off and I could imagine it going "WEEEEeeeeeeI'mcopying!" lol.

[DTrinh09]

Subunits go in. RNA comes out. Never a miscommunication. You can't explain that!

[DrFritz714]

@lollipopswirl123 DNA polymerase and helicase are both enzymes that are onyl associated with DNA replication where as RNA polymerase is only associated with transcription. (RNA polymerase has elements within its structure that are similar to helicase but not the same)

[DrFritz714]

@phuturephunk RNA Pol eventually reaches something called a DNA terminator sequence (TAC), once it transcribes this region a specific protein (called Rho) or it can terminate by the RNA forming a hairpin loop on complimentary bases transcribed)

[xxTaKe2xx]

advanced = baisc + one second :D

[D33SS3]

@phuturephunk Rat1 recruted by the CTD tail

[D33SS3]

Thats not advanced at all

[DrFritz714]

Good animation

[Arm0ry]

@phuturephunk Just like promoters, there are also "Stop" regions where other factors can bind to the DNA. When the RNA polymerase encounters those factors, it stops.

[chrispikeyp]

i enjoyed this vid

[phuturephunk]

I've watched both the simple and advanced versions of this and the only question I have is: How does it know when to stop transcribing?