Cardiomyocytic differentiation of endometrial stem cells.

Dr Shunichiro Miyoshi established a line of endometrium-derived mesenchymal cells (EMCs) with a life span prolonged by a cell-cycle mediated gene. The EMCs began spontaneously beating after induction and showed cardiomyocyte-specific action potentials. Cardiac troponin-I-positive cardiomyocytes accounted for 60-90% of the EMCs in vitro. The EMCs proliferate for more than 250 population doublings without changing cardiomyogenic transdifferentiation ability, and expressed mRNA of GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 before cardiomyogenic induction. Therefore, the EMCs may be called cardiac precursor-like cells. The EMCs were engrafted onto the recipient's heart by using a novel 3-dimensional EMC cell sheet manipulation. Most of the engrafted EMCs transdifferentiated into cardiac tissue-layer in vivo. Our established cell line is quite important for analyzing the precise mechanism of transdifferentiation of human mesenchymal lineage cells to cardiomyocytes.

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