I demonstrate here how the VTAC Engine can be conceptually used as a spacecraft engine.
http://www.zvorenergytechnology.com The spacecraft would have a large radial turbofan built into the wings and the VTAC rotor would provide the motive power for the turbofan during takeoff and atmospheric flight. Stage 1 runs in diabatic or Otto cycle mode, low efficiency but high torque and thrust, Stage 2 becomes adiabatic or Diesel, Stage 3 the afterburners kick in at higher altitude or Brayton jet engine cycle, and Stage 4 you close off the VTAC rotor chamber, furl the VTAC rotor blades, decouple the turbofan, and feed oxygen or oxidizer into the combustion chamber. In Stage 4 you are at the edge of the atmosphere and therefore it is critical to have gyroscopic stabilization. Burt Rutan's X prize-winning spacecraft nearly lost control on the first flight because of the lack of inherent gyroscopic stabilization which is a great unexplored safety advantage of radial turbine engines.
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