History of the Talmud 6/7

Arte France production - History of the Talmud.

This documentary by Pierre Henri Salfati explores the essence of Talmudic wisdom (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root lmd "teach, study"), which is a central text of mainstream Judaism, in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history.

The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (compiled 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (compiled 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (ש"ס), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah. The process of "Gemara" proceeded in the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, the Land of Israel and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem (Yerushalmi) Talmud. It was compiled during the fourth century in Israel. The Babylonian (Bavli) Talmud was compiled about the year 500 C.E., although it continued to be edited later.

The Oral Law was far from monolithic; rather, it varied among various schools. The most famous two were the School of Shammai and the School of Hillel. In general, all valid opinions, even the non-normative ones, were recorded in the Talmud. The authority of the law, individual and humanitarian concern, the exhortation by the prophets of the Bible and later by the rabbis of the Talmud to care for the weaker members of society, and their emphasis on equality before G-d, are all concepts that subsequently emerged as part of modern democratic philosophy.

Category:

Education

Tags:

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• History of the Talmud
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• hebrew talmud
• talmud bavli
• babylonian talmud
• talmud yerushalmi
• talmud exposed
• what is in the talmud
• jewish talmud
• truth behind talmud

[aniboker]

Wonderful!!