A fossil animal locked in Lebanese limestone has been shown to be an extremely precious discovery - a snake with two legs.
Scientists have only a handful of specimens that illustrate the evolutionary narrative that goes from ancient lizard to limbless modern serpent.
Researchers at the European Light Source (ESRF) in Grenoble, France, used intense X-rays to confirm that a creature imprinted on a rock, and with one visible leg, had another appendage buried just under the surface of the slab.
"We were sure he had two legs but it was great to see it, and we hope to find other characteristics that we couldn't see on the other limb," said Alexandra Houssaye from the National Museum of Natural History, Paris.
The 85cm-long (33in) creature, known as Eupodophis descouensi, comes from the Late Cretaceous, about 92 million years ago. Unearthed near the village of al-Nammoura, it was originally described in 2000.
Its remains are divided across the two interior faces of a thin limestone block that has been broken apart. A portion of the vertebral column is missing; and in the process of preservation, the "tail" has become detached and positioned near the head.
But it is the unmistakable leg bones - fibula, tibia and femur - that catch the eye. The stumpy hind-limb is only 2cm (0.8in) long, and was presumably utterly useless to the animal in life.
Current evidence suggests that snakes started to emerge less than 150 million years ago.
Two theories compete. One points to a land origin in which lizards started to burrow, and as they adapted to their subterranean existence, their legs were reduced and lost - first the forelimbs and then the hind-limbs.
The second theory considers the origin to be in water, from marine reptiles.
This makes the few known bipedal snakes in the fossil record hugely significant, because they could hold the clues that settle this particular debate.
@Silent33091 I dont want to school you on mathematics, if you wish to see the refutation of evolution, and maybe educate yourself ldolphin. org/ wmwilliams.html 50 proofs evolution could not have happened.
Millipedecult 2 weeks ago
@romeomuradin
What it this "new evolution theory"??? It's yet another strawman you made, isn't it?
grozde 2 weeks ago
@grozde
please tell me the names of the books with the "new" evolution theory.
I would like to know more about the new 1 ;)
romeomuradin 2 weeks ago
i belive in God and think there is enough evidence for evolution.
animaljp3 3 weeks ago
@Silent33091 it is a slow process of trait selection, not quick.
animaljp3 3 weeks ago
@Millipedecult
"if the human race was 10,000 years old" young earth creationist? xD oh wait im just wasting my time.
Silent33091 3 weeks ago
@Millipedecult
The population growt was different in the past, there was no mediacal care they just prayed for the sick trolol, the agriculture was undevolped thus many many people starved, and wars too, for example 60% of europeans died becouse of the black death, so theres nothing wrong with the poulation growth.
Silent33091 3 weeks ago
@Millipedecult
"There is no such thing as beneficial mutations" wrong...
biological traits are in fact mutations too, while 95% of'em are harmful they can be beneficial too, for example: a pack of wolves are forced to migrate to a snowy climate, one day a wolf is born with a much lighter colored fur gray/white thus he/and hes successors manage to hunt more efficiently and become the most common in the region thus they evolved.
Silent33091 3 weeks ago
The body has many organs, cells, tissues, and bodily systems. Without all functioning parts of the sexual organs(testicles, urethra, vass deference, ovaries) the human race would not be able to continue. Humans need all working parts of the sexual organs. Take away a single part of the mechanism, and it fails to work, and the human race goes extinct. Evolution is impossible, because it states that a body would be able to develop each organ independantly,impossible.
Millipedecult 3 weeks ago
@Millipedecult There is no such thing as beneficial mutations. A mutation causes the gene to either multiply, delete itself, or rearrange themselves with other genes. Our amino acid sequence is so precise, that if you would even change it a little, it would cause the body to discontinue function.
Millipedecult 3 weeks ago