Un-Ethical Medical Practice

Ethics is the study of morality -- careful and systematic reflection on and analysis of moral decisions and behaviour, whether past, present or future.

Morality is the value dimension of human decision-making and behaviour. The language of morality includes nouns such as 'rights', 'responsibilities' and 'virtues' and adjectives such as 'good' and 'bad' (or 'evil'), 'right' and 'wrong', 'just' and 'unjust'.

Ethics is primarily a matter of knowing whereas morality is a matter of doing. Their close relationship consists in the concern of ethics to provide rational criteria for people to decide or behave in some ways rather than others.

Quite often ethics prescribes higher standards of behaviour than does the law, and occasionally ethics requires that physicians disobey laws that demand unethical behaviour.
Compassion, competence and autonomy are not exclusive to medicine. However, physicians are expected to exemplify them to a higher degree than other people, including members of many other professions.

Tokyo Declaration

A doctor must have complete clinical independence in deciding upon the care of a person for whom he or she is medically responsible. The doctor's fundamental role is to alleviate the distress of his or her fellow men, and no motive whether personal, collective or political shall prevail against this higher purpose.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The human rights that are especially important for medical ethics include the right to life, to freedom from discrimination, torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, to freedom of opinion and expression, to equal access to public services in one's country, and to medical care.

WMA International Code of Medical Ethics

"A physician shall...report unethical practice or incompetently or who engage in fraud or deception."
The doctors are responsible for maintaining the good reputation of the profession because they are often the only ones who recognise incompetence, impairment or misconduct.

The World Medical Association claim to support, and should encourage the international community, the national medical associations and fellow doctors to support the doctor and his or her family in the face of threats or reprisals resulting from a refusal to condone the use of torture or other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment

"DARE NOT"

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