"Lulliby" from American opera "Porgy and Bess" by Rigina Valieva

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Uploaded by on Jul 9, 2009

Rigina Valieva is an opera singer. She was born in Western Siberia, Angarsk, Russia. She is singigng for joy and for the best ジャズ オペラ サマータイム(Summertime)"Clara's lullaby" Porgy and Bess is an opera, first performed in 1935, with music by George Gershwin, libretto by DuBose Heyward, and lyrics by Ira Gershwin and DuBose Heyward. It was based on DuBose Heyward's novel Porgy and the play of the same name which he co-wrote with his wife Dorothy Heyward. All three works deal with African American life in the fictitious Catfish Row (based on the real-life Cabbage Row) in Charleston, South Carolina, in the early 1920s.

Originally conceived by Gershwin as an "American folk opera", Porgy and Bess premiered in New York in the fall of 1935 and featured an entire cast of classically trained African-American singers—a daring and visionary artistic choice at the time. Gershwin chose African American Eva Jessye as the choral director for the opera. Incorporating a wealth of blues and jazz idioms into the classical art form of opera, Gershwin considered it his finest work.

The work was not widely accepted in the United States as a legitimate opera until 1976, when the Houston Grand Opera production of Gershwin's complete score established it as an artistic triumph. Nine years later the Metropolitan Opera gave their first performance of the work. This production was also broadcast as part of the ongoing Saturday afternoon live Metropolitan Opera radio broadcasts. The work is now considered part of the standard operatic repertoire and is regularly performed internationally. "Summertime" is by far the best-known piece from the work, and countless interpretations of this and other individual numbers have also been recorded and performed. The second best-known number is "It Ain't Necessarily So". The opera is admired for Gershwin's innovative synthesis of European orchestral techniques with American jazz and folk music idioms.
On July 14, 1993, the United States Postal Service recognized the opera's cultural significance by issuing a commemorative 29-cent postage stamp, and in 2001 Porgy and Bess was proclaimed the official opera of the State of South Carolina.[2]Porgy and Bess es una ópera compuesta por George Gershwin con textos de Ira Gershwin y DuBose Heyward. Está basada en la novela Porgy de Heyward y en la pieza de teatro del mismo nombre co-escrita con su esposa Dorothy. Las tres obras tratan sobre el estilo de vida Afroamericano en la ficticia Calle Bagre (Catfish Row) en Charleston, Carolina del Sur a principios de la década de 1930.
Originalmente concebida como una "Ópera folclórica" de los Estados Unidos, se estrenó a finales del otoño de 1935 en Nueva York, utilizando un reparto conformado exclusivamente por cantantes afro-americanos con preparación en música clásica -una aventurada y visionaria visión artística para la época. Aportando una gran riqueza de idiomas del blues y del jazz a la ópera, Gershwin la consideraba su mejor obra, pero no fue aceptada en los Estados Unidos como una "verdadera ópera" hasta 1976, cuando la Houston Grand Opera produjo el score completo (siendo seguida poco después por su estreno en la Metropolitan Opera en 1985 con Grace Bumbry y Simon Estes) estableciéndose como un triunfo artístico.

En la actualidad es considerada parte del repertorio de ópera estándar. Porgy and Bess también se presenta internacionalmente y se han realizado diversas grabaciones de la obra. A pesar de su éxito, sigue causando controversia, dado que algunos la consideran racista al reflejar falsos estereotipos de los negros norteamericanos.
La canción "Summertime" es con mucho, la pieza mejor conocida de la obra, existiendo innumerables grabaciones e interpretaciones en vivo por diversos artistas, como las de Louis Armstrong y Ella Fitzgerald.
Esta ópera es admirada por la síntesis innovadora de las técnicas orquestales europeas, con las expresiones idiomáticas del Jazz y la música folk estadounidense conseguidas por Gershwin.
ガーシュウィン作品を扱ったミュージカル映画 [編集] フレッド・アステア主演のミュージカル映画。ハリウッドに招かれたガーシュウィンが楽曲を書き下ろした。アステアが歌ったメインタイトルの「霧深き日」は後にスタンダード­ナンバーとなった。ジャズ(jazz)は、19世紀末から20世紀初頭にかけてアメリカ南部の都市を中心に発展した音楽形式。アフリカ系アメリカ人の音楽形式と西洋音楽の­技術と理論が融合して生まれた。演奏の中にブルー・ノート、シンコペーション、スウィング、バラード、コール・アンド・レスポンス(掛け合い演奏)、インプロヴィゼーショ­ン、ポリリズムなどの要素を組み込むことが特徴的とされている。

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