Indium

Discovery Information
Who: Ferdinand Reich, H. Richter
When: 1863
Where: Germany

Name Origin
From the indigo blue it shows in a spectroscope.
"Indium" in different languages.

Sources
Found in certain zinc, copper, iron and lead ores. Canada is the leading producer of indium.
Around 75 tons are produced every year.
Uses
The first large-scale application for indium was as a coating for bearings in high-performance aircraft engines during World War II. Afterwards, production gradually increased as new uses were found in fusible alloys, solders, and electronics. In the 1950s, tiny beads of it were used for the emitters and collectors of alloy junction transistors. In the middle and late 1980s, the development of indium phosphide semiconductors and indium tin oxide thin films for liquid crystal displays (LCD) aroused much interest. By 1992, the thin-film application had become the largest end use.
Used to coat high speed bearings, in solar cells, mirrors, regulators in nuclear power, photo cells, the production of LCDs (this accounts for the majority of world-wide usage), transistors and blood and lung research. Used in the manufacture of low-melting-temperature alloys. An alloy consisting of 24% indium and 76% gallium is liquid at room temperature.
Indium cano be plated onto metals and evaporated onto glass which forms a mirror which is as good as those made with silver but has higher corrosion resistance.

Category:

Science & Technology

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