Kotanen_Biosensor research seminar talk at Clemson University

Hemorrhagic shock leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the leading cause of death following trauma associated hemorrhage. Following severe injury that leads to hemorrhage, a combination of hypoperfusion, inflammation, and reactive oxidative species leads to shock and causes the dysfunction and subsequent failure of two or more organs. Unfortunately, in the past ten years there has been no significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of shock and MODS. Several groups are now investigating novel means of biosensing to acquire better means of monitoring physiological phenomena such as tissue acidosis, oxygen debt, and magnitude of hypoperfusion in order to establish the onset of and the severity of shock. This research has two primary goals, i) the development and in vivo testing of a minimally invasive biosensor for immediate and continual monitoring of physiological status biomarkers, and ii) the study of trauma physiology for the characterization of trauma induced hemorrhagic shock. Of particular interest are the analytes glucose and lactate. Hyperglycemia has been associated with excess mortality in trauma patients and has shown to have a direct relationship to injury severity score in children with multiple traumas. Systemic lactate levels have been observed to be higher in patients with multiple organ failure than those patients with no organ failure. Lactate clearance has also been seen as a potential prognostic tool since its clearance is directly related to mortality in trauma patients. Biosensors, based on oxidoreductase enzymes for the implicit detection of glucose and lactate, typically have to be optimized for their own unique application. The current design for a Physiologic Status Monitoring Biochip (PSMBioChip) proposes a dual analyte sensor for parallel monitoring of glucose and lactate. Preliminary testing of blood lactate using a bioanalyzer and intramuscular lactate using the PSMBioChip in a hemorrhagic shock model with Sprague-Dawley rats has revealed a noticeable difference in rates of lactate accumulation. Intramuscular lactate begins to rise significantly faster, up to 10 minutes, before reaching a blood lactate of concentration in excess of 3 mM, one of the gold standard surrogates of diagnosed hypoperfusion and shock. This data gives a foundation for the ensuing animal studies whereupon correlations between intramuscular lactate and glucose and hemorrhagic shock will be sought. In addition, the preliminary findings underline the necessity for an intramuscularly implantable sonde for physiological status monitoring. The future animal studies will also be used to test the long-term effectiveness, stability, and in vivo calibration of the PSMBioChips.

Category:

Comedy

Tags:

• 1
• Christian
• Kotanen

[kotanenchris1]

@ParisLeShea Thank you, Paris. I'm sorry to hear about your boyfriend. I'm definitely in the process of maturing into the subject of trauma physiology. As time goes on, I will more comprehensively understand topics like MODs, and be able to better portray their physiologic ramifications. All the best to you!

[ParisLeShea]

This video is very informative. My boyfriend has MODS (I believe it is either in stage 3 or 4) and so I was trying to understand what exactly it is. Thanks for breaking it down. Calling it "the point of no return" is a bit pessimistic, though.