Quasars are exceedingly bright objects billions of light years from us first discovered in 1963 by Dr. Maarten Schmidt.
Quasars have luminosity of a thousand Milky Way galaxies but a size only few light weeks across. Alternative theories about the high red shift include gravitational red shift and objects ejected from exploding galaxies.
Quasars are probably galaxies at early stages of evolution and they most likely contain a super-massive black hole at its center, which enables it to generate large amounts of energy in a small volume.
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