Depth of Field Example

ok, so the depth of field (DOF) is an optical phenomenon, any given lens can only precisely focus at one distance at any given time and the DOF refers to the areas within a shot which appear to be sharp and in focus. When you are far away from something and the lens is zoomed all the way out the DOF is pretty large and its hard to create differentiation between different things, so if you want the effect with a wide shot you'll need to make sure that there's a lot of distance between the subject and its background.

Otherwise, to create the DOF effect you'll need to either physically move the camera really close to the subject (which will allow you to better exploit the boundaries of the DOF)
or you can zoom in on the subject which will (due to complicated math things dealing with the way the lenses move) shrink the size of the DOF making it easier to create the desired sharp vs blurry effect.

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