Abandoned in the 18th century, the château still served, first as the site of the Vincennes porcelain manufactory, the precursor to Sèvres, then as a state prison, which housed the marquis de Sade, Diderot and Mirabeau, as well as a community of nuns of the English Benedictine Congregation from Cambrai. From 1796 it served as an arms factory, suiting it to its current occupants, the historical sections of the French Armed Services.
The executions of the duc d'Enghien, in 1804, and Mata-Hari, in 1917, were effected at the château. During the Nazi occupation, 30 hostages were murdered on August 20, 1944.
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