During the Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing on the New START Treaty with the Directors of the U.S. nuclear laboratories Dr. Michael R. Anastasio, Dr. Paul J. Hommert, and Dr. George H. Miller, Senator Dick Lugar asked if United States nuclear weapons were safe, secure and effective, if Russia was taking measures to modernize nuclear weapons, if, without ratification of START, there would be more uncertainty regarding Russian modernization, and if that uncertainty would confuse and impair our own stockpile evaluation and adjustments.
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